Table 4. Incidence and hazard ratios for atypical and typical pneumonia in patients with and without COPD with asthma cohort by age-and-sex-matched.
| COPD with asthma cohort | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||||||
| Variables | Event | PY | Rate# | Event | PY | Rate# | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR& (95% CI) |
| Atypical pneumonia | 72 | 78132 | 0.92 | 55 | 163946 | 0.34 | 2.75(1.94, 3.91)*** | 2.96(1.99, 4.40)*** |
| Typical pneumonia | 851 | 78132 | 10.9 | 714 | 163946 | 4.36 | 2.50(2.26, 2.76)*** | 2.33(2.08, 2.61)*** |
CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; PY, person-years
Rate#, incidence rate, per 1000 person-years
&Multivariable analysis included age; sex; comorbidities of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, mental disorders, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease, and inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and oral steroids (OSs) use.
***P < 0.001.