Table 5. Overall incidence of atypical and typical and pneumonia and estimated hazard ratios in COPD with asthma cohort compared with propensity score-matched COPD cohort.
| COPD with asthma cohort | ||
|---|---|---|
| No(COPD, N = 9902) | Yes (N = 9902) | |
| Pneumonia | ||
| Person-years | 62046 | 60109 |
| Follow-up time (y), Mean±SD | 6.44±3.26 | 6.07±3.46 |
| Event, n | 500 | 700 |
| Rate# | 8.06 | 11.7 |
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 1(Reference) | 1.44(1.28, 1.61)*** |
| Adjusted HR& (95% CI) | 1(Reference) | 1.43(1.27, 1.60)*** |
| Atypical pneumonia | ||
| Event, n | 32 | 60 |
| Rate# | 0.52 | 1.00 |
| Variables | 1(Reference) | 1.94(1.26, 2.98)*** |
| Adjusted HR& (95% CI) | 1(Reference) | 1.94(1.27, 2.99)*** |
| Typical pneumonia | ||
| Event, n | 477 | 659 |
| Rate# | 7.69 | 11.0 |
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 1(Reference) | 1.42(1.26, 1.60)*** |
| Adjusted HR& (95% CI) | 1(Reference) | 1.40(1.25, 1.5)*** |
CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; PY, person-years
Rate#, incidence rate, per 1000 person-years
&Multivariable analysis included age; sex; comorbidities of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, mental disorders, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease; and inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and oral steroids (OSs) use.
***P < 0.001.