Table 4.

Post-hoc diagnostic criteria of functional somatic syndromes and bodily distress syndrome.

Syndrome	Diagnostic criteria
Irritable bowel82	Participants with 1) abdominal pain and 2) distension and, in addition, either 3) borborygmi or 4) altering stool consistency, or both.
Chronic widespread pain83	Participants with 1) pain in muscles, bones, or joints; and 2) pain in shoulders, arm, or hands; and 3) pain in legs or feet; and 4) pain in neck, chest, or back.
Chronic fatigue85	Participants with ≥4 of the following: 1) Tiredness; 2) the need to rest more; 3) sleepiness or drowsiness; 4) problems starting things; 5) lack of energy; 6) less muscle strength; 7) weakness; 8) difficulties concentrating; 9) making slips of the tongue when speaking; 10) difficulties saying the right words; and 11) memory problems.
Whiplash associated disorders86	Participants stating to be bothered by impairing neck pain following an accident.
Multiple chemical sensitivity87,88	Participants stating to have been exposed by at least two unrelated exposures and to have been bothered by symptoms from at least two organ systems; at least one being the central nervous system. The symptoms should have significant impact on life style together with social or occupational limitation.
Bodily distress syndrome61	Participants with ≥3 symptoms from different symptom clusters together with impairment; 1) a cardiopulmonary cluster, 2) a gastrointestinal cluster, 3) a musculoskeletal cluster, 4) a general symptom cluster.
	Participants having 1 or 2 symptom clusters or at least 4 symptoms across all symptom clusters single-organ bodily distress syndrome. Participants having ≥3 symptom clusters had multi-organ bodily distress syndrome.