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. 2020 Feb 18;14:126. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00126

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Copyright © 2020 Ueha, Ueha, Kondo, Nishijima and Yamasoba.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Serum immunoglobin E (IgE) levels in the control, ovalbumin-induced allergic (OVA), and OVA-allergic-smoking [OVA + cigarette smoke solution (CSS)] groups were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. (B) Representative images of Sirius red staining for eosinophils in the nasal respiratory mucosa (RM) (red arrows) (400× magnification), and a comparative chart of the eosinophil counts in each group. (C) Representative images of periodic acid-Schiff and Alcian blue (PAS/AB) staining in the nasal RM (400× magnification), and a comparative chart of the height of the columnar respiratory epithelial cells (CRECs). The height of CRECs in the OVA-immunized group was higher than that in the control group, and that in the OVA + CSS group was highest among the groups. *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 (n = 6, one-way analysis of variance).