Table 1.
Summary of baseline cohort characteristics.
| Clinicodemographic characteristics | Entire cohort, N = 548 | No TTE 65 (11.9%) | TTE 483 (88.1%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 71 (59–81) | 77 (64–86.5) | 70 (59–80) | 0.02 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 273 (49.8) | 37 (57) | 237 (49) | 0.23 |
| Race | 0.09 | |||
| White | 357 (66) | 51 (78) | 306 (63.5) | |
| African American | 79 (14) | 4 (6) | 75 (15.5) | |
| Hispanic | 22 (4) | 4 (5) | 19 (4) | |
| Asian | 12 (2) | 2 (3) | 10 (2) | |
| Other/Unknown | 78 (14) | 6 (8) | 72 (15) | |
| Cardiovascular comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 401 (73.1) | 49 (75) | 352 (73) | 0.76 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 174 (31.7) | 19 (29) | 155 (32) | 0.67 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 289 (52.7) | 32 (49) | 257 (53) | 0.54 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 90 (16.5) | 11 (17.2) | 79 (16.5) | 0.88 |
| CHF, n (%) | 45 (8.2) | 5 (8) | 40 (8) | 0.87 |
| Afib, n (%) | 112 (20.4) | 20 (31) | 92 (19) | 0.03 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 97 (17.7) | 10 (15.4) | 87 (18) | 0.73 |
| Prior Stroke or TIA, n (%) | 77 (14) | 5 (8) | 72 (15) | 0.13 |
| CKD, n (%) | 57 (10.4) | 10 (15) | 47 (10) | 0.16 |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| Hemoglobin A1C, median (IQR) | 5.7 (5.3–6.7) | 5.8 (5.45–6.3) | 5.7 (5.3–6.7) | 0.32 |
| Total Cholesterol, mean (±SD) | 161 (133.5–197.5) | 158 (138–184) | 163 (133–198.75) | 0.55 |
| Triglycerides, mean (±SD) | 115 (84–155.5) | 116 (84.5–159) | 115 (84–154 | 0.75 |
| HDL, mean (±SD) | 45 (37–57) | 44.5 (34.75–61) | 45 (37–56) | 0.74 |
| LDL, mean (±SD) | 90 (63.5–117) | 85 (68–101.5) | 90.5 (63–119) | 0.5 |
| Stroke subtypes | 0.53 | |||
| Large artery atherosclerosis, n (%) | 127 (23.2) | 13 (20) | 114 (24) | 0.64 |
| Cardioembolic, n (%) | 200 (36.5) | 20 (31) | 180 (37) | 0.39 |
| Small vessel/lacunar | 79 (14.4) | 10 (15) | 69 (14) | 0.85 |
| ESUS | 91 (16.6) | 13 (20) | 78 (16) | 0.48 |
| Other defined causes/crytptogenic | 51 (9.3) | 9 (14) | 42 (9) | 0.18 |
| Medications | ||||
| Anticoagulation on presentation, n (%) | 90 (16.4) | 17 (26) | 73 (15) | 0.03 |
| Antiplatelets on presentation, n (%) | 266 (48.5) | 27 (42) | 239 (50) | 0.4 |
| Statins on presentation, n (%) | 283 (51.6) | 33 (51) | 250 (52) | 0.89 |
| Antihypertensives, n (%) | 378 (68.9) | 47 (72) | 331 (69) | 0.66 |
| Acute treatment | ||||
| tPA given, n (%) | 98 (17.8) | 5 (8) | 93 (19) | 0.02 |
| Mechanical thrombectomy, n (%) | 45 (8.2) | 1 (1.5) | 44 (9) | 0.03 |