Table 3.
Comparisons between patients according to the need of subsequent work up.
| No additional workup 441 (91.5%) | Subsequent workup 41 (8.5%) | p-value | Multivariable logistic regression model* 1a | Multivariable logistic regression model* 2b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | ||||
| Age, median (IQR) | 72 (61.5–81) | 58 (50–65) | <0.0001 | 0.94 (0.92–0.97) | <0.0001 | 0.95 (0.92–0.97) | <0.0001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 220 (50) | 17 (41) | 0.3 | ||||
| Race | 0.27 | ||||||
| White | 284 (64) | 22 (54) | |||||
| African American | 65 (15) | 10 (24) | |||||
| Hispanic | 16 (4) | 3 (7) | |||||
| Asian | 10 (2) | 0 | |||||
| Other/Unknown | 66 (15) | 6 (15) | |||||
| Cardiovascular comorbidities | |||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 331 (75) | 21 (51) | 0.001 | 0.59 (0.29–1.22) | 0.16 | 0.63 (0.3–1.32) | 0.22 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 142 (32) | 13 (32) | 0.96 | ||||
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 240 (54) | 17 (41) | 0.1 | ||||
| Current smoking, n (%) | 73 (17) | 6 (15) | 1 | ||||
| CHF, n (%) | 39 (9) | 1 (2) | 0.1 | ||||
| Afib, n (%) | 89 (20) | 3 (7) | 0.045 | 0.69 (0.16–2.14 | 0.28 | 0.6 (0.13–1.94) | 0.42 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 84 (19) | 3 (7) | 0.09 | ||||
| Prior Stroke or TIA, n (%) | 68 (15) | 4 (10) | 0.49 | ||||
| CKD, n (%) | 44 (10) | 3 (7) | 0.58 | ||||
| Laboratory values | |||||||
| Hemoglobin A1C, median (IQR) | 5.7 (5.3–6.7) | 5.6 (5.4–6.9) | 0.78 | ||||
| Total Cholesterol, mean (±SD) | 161 (132–198) | 172 (140.5–208) | 0.3 | ||||
| Triglycerides, mean (±SD) | 115 (84–154) | 110 (83.5–159.5) | 0.76 | ||||
| HDL, mean (±SD) | 45 (37–56) | 46 (37–60) | 0.66 | ||||
| LDL, mean (±SD) | 90 (63–116) | 98.5 (70–125.75) | 0.18 | ||||
| Stroke subtypes | 0.02 | ||||||
| Large artery atherosclerosis, n (%) | 112 (25) | 2 (5) | 0.002 | 0.17 (0.03–0.59) | 0.003 | ||
| Cardioembolic, n (%) | 164 (37) | 16 (39) | 0.87 | ||||
| Small vessel/lacunar | 63 (14) | 6 (15) | 1 | ||||
| ESUS | 66 (15) | 12 (29) | 0.025 | 1.31 (0.59–2.83) | 0.49 | ||
| Other defined causes | 37 (8) | 5 (12) | 0.38 | ||||
| Medications | |||||||
| Anticoagulation on presentation, n (%) | 69 (16) | 4 (10) | 0.3 | ||||
| Antiplatelets on presentation, n (%) | 227 (51) | 12 (29) | 0.008 | ||||
| Statins on presentation, n (%) | 234 (53.06) | 16 (39) | 0.09 | ||||
| Antihypertensives, n (%) | 310 (70) | 21 (51) | 0.02 | ||||
| Acute treatment | |||||||
| tPA given, n (%) | 85 (19) | 8 (20) | 0.96 | ||||
| Mechanical thrombectomy, n (%) | 41 (9) | 3 (7) | 1 | ||||
*
Outcome of interest: Need for subsequent workup.
a
Multivariable model including variables that reached statistical significance (p-value < 0.05) in univariable analyses excluding stroke subtype.
b
Variables included in model 1 plus stroke subtypes (if they reached statistical significance in univariable comparisons).