Table 4.
Comparisons between patients according to TTE role in treatment change.
| No treatment change 458 (95%) | Treatment change 24 (5%) | p-value | Multivariable logistic regression model* 1a | Multivariable logistic regression model* 2b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | ||||
| Age, median (IQR) | 71 (60–80) | 58 (49–69) | 0.0003 | 0.95 (0.92–0.98) | 0.004 | 0.95 (0.92–0.98) | 0.003 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 230 (50) | 7 (29) | 0.04 | 1.89 (0.78–5.1) | 0.53 | 1.89 (0.74–5.27) | 0.19 |
| Race | 0.71 | ||||||
| White | 290 (63) | 16 (67) | |||||
| African American | 70 (15) | 5 (21) | |||||
| Hispanic | 19 (4) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Asian | 10 (2) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Other/Unknown | 69 (15) | 3 (12) | |||||
| Cardiovascular comorbidities | |||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 336 (73) | 16 (67) | 0.48 | ||||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 142 (31) | 13 (54) | 0.02 | 2.7 (1.14–6.54) | 0.9 | 3.33 (1.33–8.62) | 0.01 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 245 (53) | 12 (50) | 0.75 | ||||
| Current smoking, n (%) | 76 (17) | 3 (12) | 0.78 | ||||
| CHF, n (%) | 38 (8) | 2 (8) | 0.99 | ||||
| Afib, n (%) | 91 (20) | 1 (4) | 0.05 | 0.29 (0.016–1.54) | 0.54 | 0.12 (0.006–0.66) | 0.01 |
| CAD, n (%) | 80 (17) | 7 (29) | 0.17 | ||||
| Prior stroke or TIA | 68 (15) | 4 (17) | 0.8 | ||||
| CKD, n (%) | 45 (10) | 2 (8) | 0.81 | ||||
| Laboratory values | |||||||
| Hemoglobin A1C, median (IQR) | 5.7 (5.3–6.6) | 6.2 (5.6–9.2) | 0.007 | ||||
| Total Cholesterol, mean (±SD) | 113 (84–154) | 144 (88.5–162) | 0.25 | ||||
| Triglycerides, mean (±SD) | 115 (84–154) | 110 (83.5–159.5) | 0.76 | ||||
| HDL, mean (±SD) | 45 (37–57) | 41 (37.5–51) | 0.23 | ||||
| LDL, mean (±SD) | 91 (63–119) | 79.5 (61–125.5) | 0.81 | ||||
| Stroke subtypes | 0.002 | ||||||
| Large artery atherosclerosis, n (%) | 114 (25) | 0 | 0.002 | Unstable term | 0.003 | ||
| Cardioembolic, n (%) | 164 (36) | 16 (67) | 0.004 | 3.14 (1.19–8.97) | 0.02 | ||
| Small vessel/lacunar | 69 (15) | 0 | 0.04 | Unstable term | 0.01 | ||
| ESUS | 72 (16) | 6 (25) | 0.25 | ||||
| Other defined causes | 40 (9) | 2 (8) | 1 | ||||
| Medications | |||||||
| Anticoagulation on presentation, n (%) | 71 (16) | 2 (8) | 0.33 | ||||
| Antiplatelets on presentation, n (%) | 227 (50) | 12 (50) | 0.97 | ||||
| Statins on presentation, n (%) | 236 (51) | 14 (58) | 0.51 | ||||
| Antihypertensives, n (%) | 314 (69) | 17 (71) | 0.81 | ||||
| Acute treatment | |||||||
| tPA given, n (%) | 88 (19) | 5 (21) | 0.84 | ||||
| Mechanical thrombectomy, n (%) | 42 (9) | 2 (8) | 1 | ||||
*
Outcome of interest: Treatment change.
a
Multivariable model including variables that reached statistical significance (p-value < 0.05) in univariable analyses excluding stroke subtype.
b
Variables included in model 1 plus stroke subtypes (if they reached statistical significance in univariable comparisons).