Figure 3.

The total magnetic field and magnetic flux density in the melt under the following cases: (a) only induction coil ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{i}}$, (b) ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{i}}$ and external magnetic field ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{e}}$ upward, (c) ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{i}}$ and external magnetic field downward, (d) ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{i}}$ and vertical cusp external magnetic field ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{e}}$, (e) ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{i}}$ and horizontal cusp external magnetic field ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{e}}$.