Table I.

Clinicopathological parameters by PPM1D protein expression in patients with PTC.

	PPM1D protein expression
Clinicopathological parameters	−	+	++	P-value
Age (years)				0.256
<45	20	21	5
≥45	13	27	3
Sex				0.921
Male	7	12	2
Female	26	36	6
Lymph node metastasis				0.039a
Yes	14	33	6
No	19	15	2
Tumor size (cm)				0.016a
≤1	14	30	1
>1	19	18	7
Multifocal lesions				0.738
Yes	5	10	1
No	28	38	7
Bilateral				0.635
Yes	12	22	4
No	21	26	4
Extrathyroidal extension				0.131
Yes	1	6	2
No	32	42	6
TNM stage				0.310
I/II	18	25	2
III/IV	15	23	6

-, Negative; +, moderate positive; ++, strong positive. The P-values were calculated using Pearson χ²-test.

^aP<0.05. PPM1D, protein phosphatase, Mg²⁺/Mn²⁺ dependent, 1D; PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma.