Figure 2.

Comparison of cell adhesion and proliferation on the surface of new and different times cleaned titanium samples assessed by CCK-8 assay. The standard errors were calculated from all measurements (new—20 samples, 1× cleaned—15 samples, 2× cleaned—10 samples and 3× cleaned—5 samples). Data expressed as a percentage of positive control. Error bars indicate means ± standard deviations. Asterisks represent statistical significance between respective groups (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).