Table 1.
Socio-demographic, clinical, sport, training characteristics and injuries locations by sport group
| Variables | Rugby n = 225 |
Soccer n = 172 |
Combat n = 86 |
Handball n = 82 |
Water polo n = 62 |
P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| < 20 | 28 (12.4) | 58 (33.7) | 15 (17.4) | 12 (14.6) | 20 (32.3) | < 0.001 |
| 20 to 24 | 96 (42.8) | 47 (27.3) | 32 (37.2) | 27 (32.9) | 20 (32.3) | |
| 25 to 29 | 64 (28.4) | 33 (19.2) | 22 (25.6) | 22 (26.8) | 12 (19.3) | |
| ≥ 30 | 37 (16.4) | 34 (19.8) | 17 (19.8) | 21 (25.7) | 10 (16.1) | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 160 (71.1) | 0 (0.0) | 19 (22.1) | 48 (58.5) | 26 (41.9) | < 0.001 |
| Male | 65 (28.9) | 172 (100.0) | 67 (77.9) | 34 (41.5) | 36 (58.1) | |
| Height (centimeters) | ||||||
| < 165 | 89 (39.6) | 5 (2.9) | 16 (18.6) | 7 (8.5) | 9 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
| 165 to 174 | 72 (32.0) | 45 (26.2) | 36 (41.9) | 35 (42.7) | 17 (27.4) | |
| 175 to 184 | 49 (21.8) | 72 (41.9) | 25 (29.0) | 21 (25.6) | 15 (24.2) | |
| ≥ 185 | 15 (6.6) | 50 (29.1) | 9 (10.5) | 19 (23.2) | 21 (33.9) | |
| Alcohol consumptionb | ||||||
| No | 66 (29.3) | 95 (55.2) | 50 (58.8) | 32 (40.0) | 15 (24.2) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 159 (70.7) | 77 (44.8) | 35 (41.2) | 48 (60.0) | 47 (75.8) | |
| Smokingc | ||||||
| No | 198 (88.0) | 166 (96.5) | 85 (98.8) | 77 (95.1) | 59 (95.2) | 0.002 |
| Yes | 27 (12.0) | 6 (3.5) | 1 (1.2) | 4 (4.9) | 3 (4.8) | |
| Age at the beginning of sport practice (years) | ||||||
| 0 to 8 | 3 (1.3) | 109 (63.3) | 35 (40.7) | 8 (9.8) | 9 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
| 9 to 13 | 23 (10.2) | 43 (25.0) | 23 (26.8) | 43 (52.4) | 34 (54.9) | |
| 14 to 18 | 84 (37.4) | 20 (11.6) | 21 (24.4) | 27 (32.9) | 19 (30.6) | |
| > 18 | 115 (51.1) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (8.1) | 4 (4.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Years of training | ||||||
| 0 to 5 | 131 (58.2) | 8 (4.7) | 9 (10.5) | 12 (14.7) | 8 (12.9) | < 0.001 |
| 6 to 10 | 71 (31.6) | 44 (25.5) | 19 (22.1) | 22 (26.8) | 29 (46.8) | |
| > 10 | 23 (10.2) | 120 (69.8) | 58 (67.4) | 48 (58.5) | 25 (40.3) | |
| Weekly training hours | ||||||
| 0 to 7 | 87 (38.7) | 23 (13.4) | 15 (17.4) | 23 (28.1) | 9 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
| 8 to 14 | 104 (46.2) | 83 (48.3) | 16 (18.6) | 38 (46.3) | 13 (21.0) | |
| 15 to 21 | 25 (11.1) | 44 (25.6) | 33 (38.4) | 17 (20.7) | 30 (48.4) | |
| > 21 | 9 (4.0) | 22 (12.8) | 22 (25.6) | 4 (4.9) | 10 (16.1) | |
| Joint injury | 233 (100.0) | 100 (100.0) | 158 (100.0) | 36 (100.0) | 51 (100.0) | < 0.001 |
| Hand | 43 (18.4) | 3 (3.0) | 24 (15.2) | 1 (2.8) | 8 (15.7) | |
| Elbow | 11 (4.7) | 0 (0.0) | 22 (13.9) | 4 (11.1) | 8 (15.7) | |
| Shoulder | 58 (24.9) | 15 (15.0) | 34 (21.5) | 7 (19.5) | 16 (31.4) | |
| Knee | 44 (18.9) | 45 (45.0) | 45 (28.5) | 11 (30.5) | 12 (23.5) | |
| Ankle | 72 (30.9) | 34 (34.0) | 27 (17.1) | 12 (33.3) | 3 (5.9) | |
| Hip | 5 (2.2) | 3 (3.0) | 6 (3.8) | 1 (2.8) | 4 (7.8) | |
| Muscle injury | 192 (100.0) | 115 (100.0) | 87 (100.0) | 101 (100.0) | 43 (100.0) | < 0.001 |
| Thoracic | 12 (6.2) | 1 (0.9) | 8 (9.2) | 3 (3.0) | 2 (4.6) | |
| Forearm and arm | 17 (8.8) | 1 (0.9) | 8 (9.2) | 9 (8.9) | 8 (18.7) | |
| Shoulder | 33 (17.2) | 3 (2.6) | 19 (21.8) | 16 (15.8) | 20 (46.5) | |
| Anterior thigh | 27 (14.1) | 41 (35.7) | 10 (11.5) | 16 (15.8) | 2 (4.6) | |
| Posterior thigh | 42 (21.9) | 48 (41.7) | 15 (17.3) | 28 (27.8) | 2 (4.6) | |
| Lateral/medial leg | 18 (9.4) | 2 (1.7) | 6 (6.9) | 11 (10.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Calf | 26 (13.5) | 15 (13.0) | 10 (11.5) | 7 (6.9) | 2 (4.6) | |
| Hip | 14 (7.3) | 3 (2.6) | 7 (8.0) | 5 (5.0) | 7 (16.4) | |
| Others | 3 (1.6) | 1 (0.9) | 4 (4.6) | 6 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Tendinopathy | 84 (100.0) | 51 (100.0) | 30 (100.0) | 21 (100.0) | 38 (100.0) | < 0.001 |
| Hand | 9 (10.7) | 3 (5.9) | 9 (30.0) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (2.6) | |
| Elbow | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (10.0) | 2 (9.5) | 7 (18.4) | |
| Shoulder | 23 (27.4) | 9 (17.6) | 9 (30.0) | 7 (33.3) | 25 (65.8) | |
| Knee | 30 (35.7) | 30 (58.9) | 3 (10.0) | 9 (42.9) | 4 (10.6) | |
| Ankle | 18 (21.4) | 9 (17.6) | 4 (13.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) | |
| Others | 4 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
aP-value ≤0.05 was obtained through the Chi-squared Test (Pearson p-value). b Information were obtained from 85 combat athletes and 80 handball athletes. c Information were obtained 81 handball athletes