Table 1.
Characteristics of the three groups
| Men | Women < 50 | Women ≥ 50 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 38 | 42 | 105 | |
| Age (years) | 57 [46–68] | 37 [30–46] | 64 [55–68] | < 0.0001 |
| pSS | 16 (42.1%) | 16 (38.1%) | 61 (58.1%) | 0.048 |
| Treatments inducing oral and/or ocular dryness | 5 (13.2%) | 10 (23.8%) | 28 (26.7%) | 0.24 |
| Subjective DES | 28 (73.7%) | 40 (95.2%) | 95 (90.5%) | < 0.01 |
| Schirmera (mm/5 min) | 1 [0–3] | 5 [1–17.3] | 1 [0–4] | < 0.001 |
| Schirmer ≤ 5 mm/5 min | 33 (86.8%) | 25 (59.5%) | 90 (85.7%) | < 0.001 |
| OSS realization | 10 (26.3%) | 10 (23.8%) | 29 (27.6%) | 0.69 |
| OSS ≥ 5 (if examination was realized)b | 1/10 (10.0%) | 2/10 (20.0%) | 8/29 (27.6%) | 0.51 |
| Subjective DMS | 30 (78.9%) | 37 (88.1%) | 99 (94.3%) | 0.026 |
| UWS flow (mL/min) | 0.27 [0.08–0.42] | 0.21 [0.09–0.46] | 0.20 [0.07–0.33] | 0.25 |
| UWS flow rate ≤ 0.1 mL/min | 11 (28.9%) | 13 (31.0%) | 40 (38.1%) | 0.51 |
| Anti-SSA antibodies | 4 (10.5%) | 9 (21.4%) | 22 (21.0%) | 0.35 |
| Anti-SSB antibodies | 5 (13.2%) | 6 (14.3%) | 16 (15.2%) | 0.95 |
| ANA > 1/200 | 12 (31.6%) | 12 (28.6%) | 32 (30.5%) | 0.96 |
| Focus score ≥ 1 on MSGB | 15 (39.5%) | 17 (40.5%) | 61 (58.1%) | 0.051 |
ANA anti-nuclear antibodies, MSGB minor salivary gland biopsy, UWS unstimulated whole saliva, OSS ocular staining score, pSS primary Sjögren’s syndrome, DMS dry mouth syndrome, DES dry eye syndrome
aLowest value of both eyes
bThe percentage given corresponds to the proportion of patients with an OSS ≥ 5 among those who underwent this examination