Table 2.
Diagnostic performances of criteria in the ACR/EULAR 2016 score
| Schirmer ≤ 5 mm/5 min | UWS ≤ 0.1 mL/min | Anti-SSA antibodies | Focus score ≥ 1/4 mm2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Whole population (n = 185) | ||||
| Se (%) | 89.2 [81.1–94.7] | 43.0 [32.8–53.7] | 37.6 [27.8–48.3] | 91.4 [83.8–96.2] |
| Sp (%) | 29.3 [20.3–39.8] | 73.9 [63.7–82.5] | 100 [96.1–100] | 91.3 [83.6–96.2] |
| PPV (%) | 56.1 [47.7–64.2] | 62.5 [49.5–74.3] | 100 [90.0–100] | 91.4 [83.8–96.2] |
| NPV (%) | 73.0 [55.9–86.2] | 56.2 [46.9–65.2] | 61.3 [53.0–69.2] | 91.3 [83.6–96.2] |
| Men (n = 38) | ||||
| Se (%) | 100 [79.4–100] | 56.3 [29.9–80.2] | 25.0 [7.3–52.4] | 87.5 [61.7–98.4] |
| Sp (%) | 22.7 [7.8–45.4] | 90.9 [70.8–98.9] | 100 [84.6–100] | 95.5 [77.2–99.9] |
| PPV (%) | 48.5 [30.8–66.5] | 81.8 [48.2–97.7] | 100 [39.8–100] | 93.3 [68.1–99.8] |
| NPV (%) | 100 [47.8–100] | 74.1 [53.7–88.9] | 64.7 [46.5–80.3] | 91.3 [72.0–98.9] |
| Women < 50 (n = 42) | ||||
| Se (%) | 68.8 [41.3–89.0] | 50.0 [54.7–75.3] | 56.3 [29.9–80.2] | 93.8 [69.8–99.8] |
| Sp (%) | 46.2 [26.6–66.6] | 80.8 [60.6–93.4] | 100 [86.8–100] | 92.3 [74.9–99.1] |
| PPV (%) | 44.0 [24.4–65.1] | 61.5 [31.6–86.1] | 100 [66.4–100] | 88.2 [63.6–98.5] |
| NPV (%) | 70.6 [44.0–89.7] | 72.4 [52.8–87.3] | 78.8 [61.1–91.0] | 96.0 [79.6–99.9] |
| Women ≥ 50 (n = 105) | ||||
| Se (%) | 91.8 [81.9–97.3] | 37.7 [25.6–51.0] | 36.1 [24.2–49.4] | 91.8 [81.9–97.3] |
| Sp (%) | 22.7 [11.5–37.8] | 61.4 [45.5–75.6] | 100 [92.0–100] | 88.6 [75.4–96.2] |
| PPV (%) | 62.2 [51.4–72.2] | 57.5 [40.9–73.0] | 100 [84.6–100] | 91.8 [81.9–97.3] |
| NPV (%) | 66.7 [38.4–88.2] | 41.5 [29.4–54.4] | 53.0 [41.7–64.1] | 88.6 [75.4–96.2] |
UWS unstimulated whole saliva flow rate, Se sensitivity, Sp specificity, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value