TABLE 4.

Oral Vitamin K Regimens and VKDB Cases

Study, Country	Methods	Oral Vitamin K	No. Live Births	Incidence of VKDB
Laubscher et al,62 Switzerland	Survey of cases recalled by pediatricians	3 doses × 2 mg: 4 h of life, day 4, week 4	458 184	Overall incidence: 1.09 in 100 000 (95% CI 0.4–2.6); late VKDB incidence: 0.87 in 100 000 (95% CI 0.24–2.24)
Hansen et al,63 Denmark	Survey of parents and survey of cases recalled by pediatricians	Multiple doses: 2 mg at birth, 1 mg weekly until 3 mo of age	507 850	Incidence: 0–0.9 per 100 000
von Kries et al,64 Germany	Survey of cases recalled by pediatricians	3 doses × 2 mg: birth, week 1, and week 4	3 138 695	Incidence: late VKDB 0.44 in 100 000 (95% CI 0.19–0.87)
Wariyar et al,65 United Kingdom	Chart review, survey of parents, and survey of cases recalled by pediatricians	4 doses × 1 mg: birth, (breastfed infants) week 2, week 4, and week 6	182 000	Incidence: late VKDB 2.2 in 100 000
Strehle et al,66 United Kingdom	Survey of midwives	Multiple doses: 1 mg given at birth, 50 µg for 3 mo (breastfed infant)	—	Outcomes were acceptability of regimen by parents and midwives; investigators did not track cases of VKDB
Schubiger et al,9 Switzerland	Monthly survey of pediatric hospitals on VKDB cases	2 doses × 2 mg: day 1 and day 4	247 000	Incidence: late VKDB 2.8 in 100 000 live births
Von Kries et al,10 Germany	Monthly survey of pediatric hospitals on VKDB cases	3 doses × 2 mg: birth, days 4–10, weeks 4–6	3 200 000	Incidence: late VKDB ranged from 0.44 to 0.72 in 100 000 live births

CI, confidence interval.