Table 1.
Participants' demographic and outcome information
| Characteristic | Total (N = 20) | CBT/SC group (n = 10) | ED/SC group (n = 10) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 52.60 ± 10.95 | 52.20 ± 9.61 | 53.00 ± 12.66 |
| Education, y | 15.05 ± 2.14 | 15.50 ± 2.15 | 14.60 ± 2.12 |
| Gender, F/M | 8/12 | 4/6 | 4/6 |
| Race | |||
| White | 15 | 7 | 8 |
| African American | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Mixed | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Other | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| MS type | |||
| RRMS | 14 | 8 | 6 |
| RPMS | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| PPMS | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| MS duration, y | 13.25 ± 10.23 | 12.60 ± 7.40 | 13.90 ± 12.86 |
| MSFC score | −1.17 ± 2.28 | −1.71 ± 2.27 | −1.83 ± 2.40 |
| Pain duration, y | 13.23 ± 13.00 | 11.30 ± 10.24 | 15.15 ± 15.61 |
| No. of pain locations | 4.25 ± 1.45 | 3.80 ± 1.03 | 4.70 ± 1.70 |
| Pain locations | |||
| Arms/hands | 60% | 50% | 70% |
| Legs/feet | 95% | 90% | 100% |
| Upper back | 45% | 50% | 40% |
| Lower back | 80% | 70% | 90% |
| Head/facial | 50% | 30% | 70% |
| Neck | 55% | 60% | 50% |
| Other | 40% | 30% | 50% |
| Baseline pain severity score | 4.19 ± 1.21 | 4.11 ± 1.38 | 4.28 ± 1.08 |
| Posttreatment pain severity score | 3.67 ± 1.03 | 3.78 ± 0.94 | 3.57 ± 1.40 |
| Baseline pain interference score | 3.77 ± 1.42 | 2.90 ± 1.31 | 4.64 ± 0.93 |
| Posttreatment pain interference score | 3.16 ± 1.57 | 2.36 ± 1.33 | 3.96 ± 1.42 |
| Baseline depression score | 13.38 ± 7.04 | 10.37 ± 5.72 | 16.32 ± 7.23 |
| Posttreatment depression score | 9.61 ± 6.89 | 8.36 ± 5.56 | 10.85 ± 8.12 |
| Treatment credibility score | 40.41 ± 7.09 | 42.78 ± 7.81 | 37.75 ± 5.47 |
| PTSS total score | 9.59 ± 0.63 | 9.56 ± 0.71 | 9.63 ± 0.57 |
Note: Values are given as mean ± SD or number, unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: CBT/SC, cognitive behavioral therapy plus standard care; ED/SC, MS-related education plus standard care; MS, multiple sclerosis; MSFC, Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite; PPMS, primary progressive MS; PTSS, Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale; RPMS, relapsing progressive MS; RRMS, relapsing-remitting MS.