Table 4. The effect of LDL-C on T1DM estimated using IVW and MR-Egger methods.

Method	Beta	Std error	95% CI		P-value
IVW	0.019	0.014	-0.009	0.048	0.178
Penalized IVW	0.036	0.004	0.028	0.044	0.000
Robust IVW	0.014	0.009	-0.003	0.031	0.099
Penalized robust IVW	-0.202	1.370	-2.888	2.484	0.883
MR-Egger	0.014	0.021	-0.028	0.056	0.511
(intercept)	0.011	0.031	-0.050	0.073	0.716
Penalized MR-Egger	-0.006	0.048	-0.100	0.088	0.898
(intercept)	0.039	0.045	-0.049	0.127	0.383
Robust MR-Egger	0.011	0.011	-0.010	0.031	0.319
(intercept)	0.009	0.027	-0.044	0.062	0.729
Penalized robust MR-Egger	0.038	0.003	0.033	0.043	0.000
(intercept)	-0.091	0.009	-0.108	-0.074	0.000

CI, confidence intervals; IVW, inverse-variance weighted; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol;

OR, odds ratio; SE, standard error; T1DM, type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.