Table 2.

Select chronic infections and data^* regarding associations with ischemic stroke risk

Infection	Association with ischemic stroke	Dose-dependence	Reduction with infection control
Tuberculosis	+++	++	++
Syphilis	++	−	++
Lyme disease	++	−	+
Human immunodeficiency virus	++	++	++
Varicella zoster virus	+++	−	+
Cytomegalovirus	−	−	−
Hepatitis C virus	+	+	+
Helicobacter pylori	−	−	−
Chronic osteomyelitis	+	−	−
Periodontal Disease	++	+	+

^*Please refer to Table 1 footnote for details.