Table 4.
Comparison of force-time curves characteristics (peak force, area under the curve, and time to reach maximum plateau) in relation to BMI categories (BMI ≤24.9 normal, BMI ≥25 and ≤29.9 overweight, BMI ≥30 obese).
| BMI (Kg/m2) | N | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error | 95% Confidence Interval for Mean | Minimum | Maximum | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower Bound | Upper Bound | ||||||||
| HGs Peak Force (Kg/30 sec) | Normal | 23 | 15.33 | 5.76 | 1.22 | 12.77 | 17.890 | 5.40 | 23.98 |
| Overweight | 77 | 14.72 | 4.41 | 0.50 | 13.72 | 15.728 | 6.56 | 25.84 | |
| Obese | 10 | 14.20 | 5.37 | 1.70 | 10.36 | 18.051 | 6.36 | 21.10 | |
| Total | 110 | 14.78 | 4.74 | 0.45 | 13.89 | 15.684 | 5.40 | 25.84 | |
| HGs-AUC | Normal | 23 | 378.87 | 1.41 | 30.16 | 316.14 | 441.601 | 134.58 | 594.30 |
| Overweight | 77 | 360.87 | 1.06 | 12.12 | 336.73 | 385.010 | 163.36 | 642.91 | |
| Obese | 10 | 357.36 | 1.35 | 42.87 | 260.37 | 454.349 | 157.06 | 530.90 | |
| Total | 110 | 363.79 | 1.15 | 11.00 | 341.96 | 385.612 | 134.58 | 642.91 | |
| Time to reach the maximum plateau (sec) | Normal | 23 | 14.32 | 5.83 | 1.24 | 11.73 | 16.90 | 5 | 25 |
| Overweight | 77 | 16.23 | 7.35 | 0.83 | 14.57 | 17.90 | 5 | 30 | |
| Obese | 10 | 18.50 | 7.09 | 2.24 | 13.43 | 23.57 | 5 | 30 | |
| Total | 110 | 16.09 | 7.05 | 0.67 | 14.76 | 17.42 | 5 | 30 | |
Abbreviations: HGs = handgrip strength; AUC = area under the curve; BMI = body mass index.