Table 1.
Demographics and clinical measures of patients with PD and controls.
| Items | CN | PD | T values (χ2) | p values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 14 | n = 23 | |||
| Age (years) | 63.29 (9.72) | 60.91 (12.62) | 1.134 | 0.323 |
| Gender (male/female) | 7/7 | 9/14 | 0.419 | 0.517 |
| MMSE | 27.86 (1.86) | 26.57 (2.37) | 1.733 | 0.092 |
| MoCA∗ | 28.71 (1.07) | 24.91 (2.39) | 5.593 | <0.001 |
| HAMA∗ | 0.43 (0.51) | 5.00 (3.81) | 4.436 | <0.001 |
| HAMD∗ | 0.79 (0.89) | 5.26 (4.17) | 3.961 | <0.001 |
| UPDRS-III | — | 39.30 (12.47) | — | — |
| PDQ-39 | — | 44.09 (17.29) | — | — |
Data are presented as the mean (with standard deviation, SD). Abbreviations: CN, controls; PD, Parkinson's disease; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Exam; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; UPDRS-III, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III; PDQ-39, the 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire. ∗Significant differences were found between the two groups. The p values were obtained by using the independent sample t test except for gender (chi-square test).