Table 2.

Different types of pectin-based materials used in food packaging applications.

Type	Polymer Matrix	Additive	Application	Ref.
Film	LMP-bitter vetch protein	Transglutaminase	Drug delivery system	[72]
Film	LMP	Ascorbic acid	AO system	[73]
Film	HMP	Clove EO	AM system	[74]
Film	HMP	Marjoram EO	AO system	[75]
Film	HMP-Gluconaman	Tea extract	AO/AM system	[76]
Film	Pectin-Pullulan	AgNPs	AM system	[77]
Film	HM-Apple pectin	Chia seed hydrocolloid	AO system	[10]
Film	Chitosan-Starch-Pectin	Mint and rosemary oils	AO/AM system	[78]
		Nisin
Film	Fish gelatine-HMP	Hydroxytyrosol, dihydroxyphenylglycol	Preservation of beef meat	[79]
Film	HMP	Red cabbage extract	pH indicator	[80]
Film	Chitosan-HMP	Anthocyanin	pH indicator	[81]
Nanocomposite	Pectin	AgNPs, laponite	Coating polypropylene to improve barrier/AM properties	[82]
Nanocomposite	Pectin	Ag/AgCl-ZnONPs	AM system	[83]
Nanofiber	HMP	AgNPs	Reinforcement, AM	[84]
Nanofiber	LMP Polyethylene oxide	-	Reinforcement	[85]
Aerogel	Amidated pectin	TiO2, NPs	AM under dark and UV illumination conditions	[86]
Hydrogel	LMP-Chitosan	Garlic and holy basil EOs	Incorporate to cellulose bag to improve AM properties	[87]
Oleogel	HMP	Camelia oil Tp-Palmitate	Drug delivery system	[88]
Emulsion	HMP	Clove EO	Bream fillets coating	[89]
Microemulsion	Chitosan-HMP	Cinnamaldehyde	AM system	[90]
Nanoemulsion	Food-grade pectin	Curcumin and garlic EOs	Coating chicken fillets	[91]
Nanoemulsion	HMP	Oregano, thyme, lemongrass, mandarin EOs	AM system	[92]
Nanoemulsion	HMP	Lemongrass EO	Addition in Cassava starch film to improve biodegradation properties	[93]
Multilayer emulsion	HMP-Chitosan	Astaxanthin	Release of hydrophobic carotenoids	[94]

EO: essential oil; AM: antimicrobial; AO: antioxidant.