Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Participants.
| Variable | Care Group, No. (%) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | Palliative | ||
| Patient, No. | 104 | 106 | NA |
| Caregiver, No. | 88 | 87 | NA |
| Patient characteristic | |||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 70.7 (8.0) | 69.5 (8.3) | .29 |
| Male sex | 70 (67.3) | 65 (61.3) | .37 |
| Race (by checklist) | |||
| White | 93 (89.4) | 100 (94.3) | .19 |
| Asian | 4 (3.9) | 2 (1.9) | .44 |
| Black | 2 (1.9) | 1 (0.9) | .62 |
| Other, mixed, or no response | 4 (4.9) | 3 (2.8) | .70 |
| No response | 1 (1.0) | 0 | .49 |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 3 (2.9) | 3 (2.8) | >.99 |
| Marital status | |||
| Currently married | 82 (78.9) | 79 (74.5) | .45 (if binary) |
| Never married | 5 (4.8) | 5 (4.7) | .93 |
| Separated | 1 (1.0) | 3 (2.8) | |
| Widowed | 7 (6.7) | 7 (6.6) | |
| Divorced | 8 (7.7) | 11 (10.4) | |
| Unknown | 1 (1.0) | 1 (0.9) | |
| Educational level | |||
| Grades 1-11 | 7 (6.9) | 6 (5.7) | .006 |
| High school diploma | 0 (0.0) | 12 (11.3) | |
| Some college | 18 (17.7) | 12 (11.3) | |
| Associate degree | 6 (5.9) | 9 (8.5) | |
| Bachelor degree | 27 (26.5) | 22 (20.8) | |
| Higher than bachelor degree | 44 (43.1) | 45 (42.5) | |
| Annual income, $ | |||
| Total No. | 90 | 90 | .56 |
| ≤29 999 | 13 (14.4) | 12 (13.3) | |
| 30 000-39 999 | 4 (4.4) | 1 (1.1) | |
| 40 000-49 999 | 8 (8.9) | 10 (11.1) | |
| 50 000-59 999 | 4 (4.4) | 10 (11.1) | |
| 60 000-74 999 | 12 (13.3) | 14 (15.6) | |
| 75 000-99 999 | 23 (23.6) | 20 (22.2) | |
| >100 000 | 25 (27.8) | 23 (25.6) | |
| Unknown | 1 (1.1) | 0 | |
| Disease duration, mean (SD), mo | 114.3 (79.2) | 116.5 (83.7) | .85 |
| Dementia present (by clinical criteria) | 30 (28.9) | 32 (30.5) | .80 |
| Currently seeing neurologist | 103 (99.0) | 103 (97.2) | .62 |
| Atypical parkinsonian conditions | 12 (11.5) | 13 (12.3) | .87 |
| Completed health care proxy | 77 (75.5) | 78 (75.0) | .94 |
| Completed advance directive | 68 (66.7) | 61 (58.7) | .23 |
| Caregiver present | 88 (84.6) | 87 (82.1) | .62 |
| Caregiver shares household with patient | 82 (93.2) | 77 (88.5) | .28 |
| Caregiver characteristic | |||
| Female sex | 66 (75.0) | 62 (71.3) | .58 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 66.4 (11.1) | 65.7 (11.7) | .69 |
| Caregiving duration, mean (SD), mo | 66.3 (50.5) | 70.7 (73.2) | .65 |
| Relationship to patient | |||
| Spouse | 73 (83.0) | 70 (80.5) | .72 |
| Adult child | 7 (8.0) | 10 (11.5) | |
| Other | 8 (9.1) | 7 (8.0) | |
| Race (by checklist) | |||
| White | 77 (87.5) | 82 (94.3) | .12 |
| Asian | 5 (5.7) | 3 (3.5) | .72 |
| Black | 1 (1.1) | 0 | >.99 |
| Other, mixed, or no response | 4 (4.5) | 2 (2.4) | .68 |
| Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | NA |
| No response | 1 (1.1) | 0 | >.99 |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 3 (3.4) | 5 (5.8) | .49 |
| Study site | |||
| University of Colorado | 37 (35.6) | 36 (34.0) | .97 |
| University of California, San Francisco | 34 (32.7) | 36 (34.0) | |
| University of Alberta | 33 (31.7) | 34 (32.1) | |
| Assessment score | |||
| MoCA, mean (SD) | 23.7 (5.1) | 24.0 (4.8) | .67 |
| UPDRS motor subscale, mean (SD) | 37.7 (17.6) | 42.8 (19.4) | .05 |
| QoL-AD, mean (SD) | 34.3 (5.6) | 33.9 (5.7) | .61 |
| ZBI-12, mean (SD) | 16.8 (7.7) | 17.9 (8.0) | .37 |
| Hoehn and Yahr stage | |||
| 1 | 0 | 0 | .17 |
| 1.5 | 0 | 2 (1.9) | |
| 2 | 34 (34.0) | 25 (24.0) | |
| 2.5 | 30 (30.0) | 24 (23.1) | |
| 3 | 15 (15.0) | 25 (24.0) | |
| 4 | 12 (12.0) | 14 (13.5) | |
| 5 | 9 (9.0) | 14 (13.5) | |
Abbreviations: MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NA, not applicable; QoL-AD, Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease Scale; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; ZBI-12, Zarit Burden Interview 12-item scale.