Table 2. Risk of Cancer Death for Children and Adolescents Diagnosed With Cancer From 2000 to 2016 by Race/Ethnicity and Initial Cancer Amenability Categorya.
| Race/Ethnicity | Total, No. | Died, No. (%) | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjustedb | Adjustedc | |||
| Overall | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 35 186 | 4790 (13.6) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Non-Hispanic black | 7100 | 1477 (20.8) | 1.65 (1.56-1.75) | 1.51 (1.42-1.60) |
| Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Native | 574 | 113 (19.7) | 1.51 (1.25-1.82) | 1.53 (1.27-1.84) |
| Non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander | 4981 | 859 (17.2) | 1.40 (1.30-1.51) | 1.45 (1.35-1.56) |
| Hispanic (any race) | 19 220 | 3211 (16.7) | 1.33 (1.28-1.40) | 1.34 (1.28-1.40) |
| Race/Ethnicity by Amenability | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | ||||
| Low | 6439 | 2097 (32.6) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Medium | 9230 | 1542 (16.7) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| High | 19 517 | 1151 (5.9) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Non-Hispanic black | ||||
| Low | 1718 | 678 (39.5) | 1.37 (1.26-1.50) | 1.35 (1.24-1.47) |
| Medium | 1876 | 469 (25.0) | 1.73 (1.56-1.92) | 1.70 (1.53-1.88) |
| High | 3506 | 330 (9.4) | 1.62 (1.43-1.83) | 1.59 (1.41-1.80) |
| P value for interaction | .002 | .002 | ||
| Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Native | ||||
| Low | 126 | 52 (41.3) | 1.36 (1.04-1.80) | 1.38 (1.05-1.82) |
| Medium | 128 | 30 (23.4) | 1.67 (1.16-2.40) | 1.73 (1.20-2.48) |
| High | 320 | 31 (9.7) | 1.60 (1.12-2.29) | 1.60 (1.12-2.28) |
| P value for interaction | .62 | .61 | ||
| Non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander | ||||
| Low | 1017 | 371 (36.5) | 1.32 (1.18-1.47) | 1.33 (1.19-1.49) |
| Medium | 1161 | 265 (22.8) | 1.62 (1.42-1.84) | 1.64 (1.44-1.87) |
| High | 2803 | 223 (8.0) | 1.43 (1.24-1.65) | 1.46 (1.26-1.68) |
| P value for interaction | .06 | .05 | ||
| Hispanic (any race) | ||||
| Low | 3637 | 1290 (35.5) | 1.22 (1.14-1.31) | 1.16 (1.08-1.25) |
| Medium | 4069 | 838 (20.6) | 1.39 (1.28-1.51) | 1.33 (1.22-1.45) |
| High | 11 514 | 1083 (9.4) | 1.71 (1.57-1.85) | 1.63 (1.50-1.78) |
| P value for interaction | <.001 | <.001 | ||
Abbreviation: HR, hazard ratio.
a
The relative survival rates were categorized as low, less than 70%; medium, 70% to 85%; and high, greater than 85%. Non-Hispanic white children and adolescents were the reference group.
b
Unadjusted model using age as the time scale. The race/ethnicity-by-amenability models also included the amenability category and an interaction term between race/ethnicity and amenability category.
c
Adjusted model using age as the time scale. The model included percentage below high school educational level in county quintile and median family income in county quintile. The race/ethnicity-by-amenability models also included amenability category and an interaction term between race/ethnicity and amenability category.