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. 2019 Apr 5;29(2):200–206. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054879

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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Diagram of possible transitions across smoking status. D_{0, t}, D_{1, t} and D_{2, t}, the number of deaths among never, current and former smokers in year T; N_{0, t}, N_{1, t} and N_{2, t}, the number of never, current and former smokers in year t, respectively; P_tkup, the probability of taking up smoking in never smokers; P_quit, the probability of quitting for current smokers; P_relp, the probability of returning to smoking among former smokers; QUIT, the number of quitters; RELP, the number of former smokers who start to smoke again; TKUP, the number of new take-ups.