Table 3.

Risk factors for reinfection: multivariable analysis with pfmdr1. Data from 1934 individuals in the AS-AQ trial arms and 1655 in the AL trial arms were analyzed using accelerated failure-time analysis. Regression coefficients are the ratio of time to reinfection, such that a coefficient > 1 indicates a longer time to reinfection. Covariates significantly associated with reinfection time after adjusting for EIR (p < 0.05) were included in the final model. The prevalence of pfcrt 76T also had a significant effect in a multivariable model with the same covariates (Additional file 1: Table S1) but could not be included in the same model with pfmdr1 86Y due to strong correlation between the two variables. Models assume a lognormal time to reinfection and random site effects

Covariate (unit)	AL multivariable model (N = 1655) EIR, age, dose, pfmdr1 86Y		AS-AQ multivariable model (N = 1934) EIR, age, pfmdr1 86Y
	Coefficient [ratio of reinfection times] (95% CI)	p value	Coefficient [ratio of reinfection times] (95% CI)	p value
Loge annual EIR	0.81 (0.74, 0.90)	< 0.001	0.81 (0.75, 0.87)	< 0.001
Age (polynomial, years, > 20 grouped together)		< 0.001		< 0.001
age	1.01 (0.93, 1.09)		0.94 (0.88, 1.00)
(age)2	1.00 (0.99, 1.02)		1.01 (1.00, 1.02)
(age)3	1.0001 (0.9992, 1.0009)		0.9998 (0.9993, 1.0003)
Lumefantrine dose (per 10 mg per kg increase) (AL arms only)	1.03 (1.01, 1.06)	0.002	–	–
pfmdr1 86Y prevalence (per 10% increase)	1.04 (1.00, 1.09)	0.059	0.97 (0.94, 0.99)	0.012