Comparison 1. Single dose versus short‐course (4‐7 day) antibiotic for asymptomatic bacteriuria.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 No cure	13	1502	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.28 [0.87, 1.88]
1.1 Same antimicrobial agent	10	1286	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.34 [0.85, 2.12]
1.2 Different antimicrobial agents	3	216	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.98 [0.49, 1.95]
2 Recurrent asymptomatic bacteriuria	8	445	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.13 [0.77, 1.66]
2.1 Same antimicrobial agent	6	313	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.12 [0.76, 1.66]
2.2 Different antimicrobial agents	2	132	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.32 [0.23, 7.46]
3 Pyelonephritis	2	102	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.09 [0.54, 17.55]
3.1 Same antimicrobial agent	2	102	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.09 [0.54, 17.55]
4 Preterm delivery	3	804	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.17 [0.77, 1.78]
4.1 Same antimicrobial agent	3	804	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.17 [0.77, 1.78]
5 Low birthweight	1	714	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.65 [1.06, 2.57]
5.1 Same antimicrobial agent	1	714	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.65 [1.06, 2.57]
6 Side effects	12	1460	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.70 [0.56, 0.88]
6.1 Same antimicrobial agent	9	1244	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.77 [0.61, 0.97]
6.2 Different antimicrobial agents	3	216	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.16 [0.04, 0.58]