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aReagents and conditions: (a) 2-Methylpropan-1-ol, Na, DMF, rt, 7 h; (b) CO, DPPP, NEt3, Pd(OAc)2, H2O/DMF, 85 °C, 24 h; (c) ethyl 4-methylvalerate, KHMDS, THF, −78 °C 0.5 h then rt, 18 h; (d) CO, DPPP, NEt3, Pd(OAc)2, MeOH/DMF, 80 °C, 18 h; (e) (i) LiOH, dioxane/H20, rt, 18 h, (ii) 1 M HCI (aq).
