Comparison 1. Cognitive training versus control group.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Global cognition post‐treatment	6	178	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.28 [‐0.03, 0.59]
2 Executive function post‐treatment	5	112	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.10 [‐0.28, 0.48]
3 Attention post‐treatment	5	160	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.36 [0.03, 0.68]
4 Verbal memory post‐treatment	5	160	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.37 [0.04, 0.69]
5 Visual processing post‐treatment	3	64	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.30 [‐0.21, 0.81]
6 Activities of daily living post‐treatment	3	67	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.03 [‐0.47, 0.53]
7 Quality of life post‐treatment	5	147	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.01 [‐0.35, 0.33]
8 Global cognition long term	2	41	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.28 [‐1.73, 2.28]
9 Executive function long term	2	41	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.22 [‐0.85, 0.41]
10 Attention long term	2	41	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.21 [‐0.59, 1.01]
11 Verbal memory long term	2	41	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.15 [‐0.47, 0.78]