Table 2.
Metabolic characteristics of subjects by DHEA quartiles.
| Characteristic | DHEA, pg/mL | P for trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
| Men | |||||
| DHEA, pg/mL | ≤ 119.15 | 119.16–172.85 | 172.86–240.70 | >240.70 | – |
| N | 541 | 541 | 542 | 540 | – |
| Age, year | 71.84 ± 8.51 | 68.29 ± 7.69 | 66.36 ± 7.86 | 63.26 ± 8.73 | <0.001 |
| Duration of diabetes, year | 10 (4,18) | 8 (4,15) | 10 (3,15) | 8 (3,15) | 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.14 ± 3.27 | 24.77 ± 3.23 | 24.94 ± 3.33 | 25.23 ± 3.44 | 0.505 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 7.76 ± 2.30 | 7.81 ± 2.33 | 7.89 ± 2.44 | 7.93 ± 2.33 | 0.195 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.62 ± 1.41 | 7.54 ± 1.39 | 7.64 ± 1.48 | 7.53 ± 1.38 | 0.558 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.77 ± 1.19 | 4.80 ± 1.16 | 4.80 ± 1.02 | 4.89 ± 1.07 | 0.079 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.44 (1.07, 1.99) | 1.39 (1.03, 2.08) | 1.40 (1.02, 2.03) | 1.52 (1.08, 2.21) | 0.353 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.09 ± 0.25 | 1.10 ± 0.25 | 1.12 ± 0.26 | 1.12 ± 0.25 | 0.090 |
| LDL, mmol/L | 2.98 ± 0.84 | 2.98 ± 0.82 | 3.00 ± 0.75 | 3.04 ± 0.75 | 0.171 |
| UA, μmol/L | 344.60 ± 87.02 | 337.71 ± 76.60 | 336.96 ± 82.11 | 358.36 ± 80.37 | 0.010 |
| Hypertension, % | 78.7 | 78.6 | 76.4 | 78.5 | 0.720 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 67.7 | 66.0 | 60.3 | 60.2 | 0.002 |
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 86.62 ± 17.42 | 88.93 ± 16.90 | 92.32 ± 16.17 | 93.81 ± 17.50 | <0.001 |
| Postmenopausal women | |||||
| DHEA, pg/mL | ≤ 79.20 | 79.03–118.05 | 118.06–164.40 | >164.40 | – |
| N | 567 | 564 | 567 | 564 | – |
| Age, yr | 69.84 ± 7.66 | 68.41 ± 7.39 | 66.89 ± 7.53 | 65.98 ± 7.85 | <0.001 |
| Duration of diabetes, yr | 9 (3,15) | 10 (4,18) | 8 (3,15) | 8 (3,15) | 0.133 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.73 ± 3.75 | 24.68 ± 3.74 | 24.94 ± 3.74 | 24.89 ± 3.75 | 0.300 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 7.51 ± 2.23 | 7.79 ± 2.60 | 7.67 ± 2.43 | 7.95 ± 2.42 | 0.009 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.40 ± 1.29 | 7.42 ± 1.40 | 7.36 ± 1.26 | 7.44 ± 1.38 | 0.790 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.28 ± 1.19 | 5.38 ± 1.20 | 5.42 ± 1.26 | 5.42 ± 1.21 | 0.055 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.58 (1.14, 2.24) | 1.63 (1.16, 2.31) | 1.58 (1.17, 2.16) | 1.64 (1.13, 2.30) | 0.357 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.30 ± 0.29 | 1.27 ± 0.30 | 1.30 ± 0.31 | 1.30 ± 0.30 | 0.571 |
| LDL, mmol/L | 3.23 ± 0.88 | 3.31 ± 0.85 | 3.32 ± 0.92 | 3.33 ± 0.85 | 0.055 |
| UA, μmol/L | 297.70 ± 77.70 | 307.79 ± 79.41 | 314.28 ± 76.33 | 325.84 ± 77.81 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, % | 80.8 | 78.0 | 79.0 | 80.5 | 0.968 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 60.8 | 60.6 | 58.7 | 61.3 | 0.964 |
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 89.74 ± 17.48 | 92.15 ± 15.36 | 92.13 ± 15.67 | 93.86 ± 16.27 | <0.001 |
The data are summarized as the mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables or as a numerical proportion for categorical variables. P for trend was calculated by regression tests. BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; UA, uric acid; eGFR, glomerular infiltration rate; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone.