Table 3.
Associations between gonadal hormones quartiles and UA level.
| Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | P for trend | 1 SD increment in gonadal hormone | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||||
| DHEA | Ref. | −3.65 (−12.86, 5.57) | −1.37 (−10.69, 7.95) | 23.27 (13.93, 32.62) | <0.001 | 11.40 (8.09, 14.72) |
| TT | Ref. | −10.92 (−20.23, −1.60) | −8.26 (−17.75, 1.23) | −22.67 (−32.59, −12.75) | <0.001 | −8.10 (−11.60, −4.60) |
| E2 | Ref. | −8.14 (−17.48, 1.20) | −7.02 (−16.40, 2.37) | −3.48 (−12.91, 5.95) | 0.543 | −1.56 (−5.05, 1.93) |
| LH | Ref. | −4.89 (−14.33, 4.56) | −5.11 (−14.63, 4.42) | −7.89 (−17.72, 1.95) | 0.133 | −5.45 (−9.04, −1.87) |
| FSH | Ref. | −9.37 (−18.74, 0.01) | −11.28 (−20.77, −1.78) | −14.79 (−24.41, −5.17) | 0.003 | −5.34 (−8.81, −1.88) |
| Postmenopausal women | ||||||
| DHEA | Ref. | 14.63 (6.23, 23.04) | 19.10 (10.62, 27.58) | 34.70 (26.26, 43.15) | <0.001 | 11.29 (8.32, 14.26) |
| TT | Ref. | 12.16(3.72, 20.61) | 11.57 (2.97, 20.17) | 19.49 (10.80, 28.19) | <0.001 | 5.94 (2.89, 8.99) |
| E2 | Ref. | 7.18 (−2.46, 16.82) | 2.52 (−5.28, 10.34) | −2.20 (−10.27, 5.87) | 0.673 | −0.05 (−3.18, 3.07) |
| LH | Ref. | −0.88 (−9.40, 7.65) | −0.49 (−8.98, 8.00) | 10.77 (1.88, 19.67) | 0.030 | 5.60 (2.33, 8.86) |
| FSH | Ref. | −0.37 (−8.94, 8.20) | −6.50 (−15.23, 2.23) | −1.57 (−10.69, 7.55) | 0.444 | −0.14 (−3.41, 3.13) |
Data are expressed as regression coefficients (95% CIs). Linear regression analysis was used. Each gonadal hormone was separately adjusted for confounding factors. The model was adjusted for alcohol consumption status, smoking status, duration of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, BMI, HbA1c, eGFR (including age) and the usage of aspirin, losartan, and irbesartan. UA, uric acid; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; eGFR, estimated glomerular infiltration rate; TT, total testosterone; E2, estradiol; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone.