Table 5.
Comparison of the Interdigitating phytolith in Tribe Paniceae.
| Morphological traits | Panicum | Setaria | Echinoloa | Digitaria | Oplismenus | Paspalum | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P. miliaceum | S. italica | S. viridis | other wild Setaria sp. |
D. sanguinalis, D. chrysoblephara, D. ciliaris |
D. ischaemum, D. violascens | O. undulatifolius | O. compositus | P. orbiculare | P. dilatatum | ||
| Papillate | No Papillate | Small or no conical Papillate | Large conical Papillate | Large conical Papillate | No Papillate | Small conical Papillate | Disaggregated Papillate | No Papillate | No Papillate | Small conical Papillate | Small conical Papillate |
| Undulation | η-type, up to level 3 |
Ω-type, up to level 3 | Ω-type, up to level 3 |
Ω-type, rarely seen level 3 |
β-type, up to level 4 | Smooth | Non | Ω-type, up to level 1 |
Smooth | Ω-type, up to level 1 |
Ω-type, up to level 1 |
| Connection | Articulated, w = 8.95 ± 2.02 R(w/hu) = 0.79 ± 0.12 |
Articulated, w = 4.37 ± 0.89 R(w/hu) = 0.33 ± 0.11 |
Smooth, unmeasurable |
Smooth, unmeasurable |
Articulated, w = 4.86 ± 1.82 R(w/hu) = 0.19 ± 0.09 |
Articulated, w = 2.53 ± 0.87 R(w/hu) = 0.23 ± 0.13 |
Non | Articulated, w = 2.58 ± 1.95 R(w/hu) = 0.22 ± 0.17 |
Smooth, w = 1.50 ± 0.78 R(w/hu) = 0.15 ± 0.12 |
Articulated, w = 4.82 ± 1.41 R(w/hu) = 0.40 ± 0.20 |
Articulated, w = 5.58 ± 2.45 R(w/hu) = 0.58 ± 0.31 |
| Main body | Rectangular, R(hu/hb) > 1 | Rectangular, R(hu/hb) > 1 | Rectangular, R(hu/hb) > 1 | Rectangular, R(hu/hb) > 1 | Rectangular, R(hu/hb) > 1 | Rectangular, R(hu/hb) > 1 | Non | Rectangular, R(hu/hb) > 1 | Rectangular, R(hu/hb) > 1 | Ovate, R(hu/hb) < 1 |
Rectangular, R(hu/hb) < 1 |
Data of P. miliaceum and S. italica was adapted from Lu et al. (2009b), data of Echinocloa was adapted from Ge et al. (2018).