Table 2.
Comparison of the cognitive assessment variables of the participants according to their physical fitness (quartiles).
| n | Q1 (n = 2340) | Q2 (n = 1493) | Q3 (n = 1631) | Q4 (n = 1410) | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MMSE test | Temporal orientation | 6669 | Model 1 | 4.84 (4.83–4.86) | 4.87 (4.85–4.9) | 4.88 (4.86–4.9) | 4.88 (4.86–4.9) | NS |
| Model 2 | 4.89 (4.8–4.98) | 4.91 (4.82–5) | 4.91 (4.82–5) | 4.9 (4.81–4.99) | NS | |||
| Place orientation | 6669 | Model 1 | 4.96 (4.95–4.97) | 4.97 (4.95–4.98) | 4.96 (4.95–4.97) | 4.96 (4.95–4.98) | NS | |
| Model 2 | 4.94 (4.89–4.99) | 4.94 (4.89–5) | 4.94 (4.88–4.99) | 4.94 (4.89–4.99) | NS | |||
| Immediate recall | 6670 | Model 1 | 2.99 (2.98–3) | 2.98 (2.97–2.99) | 2.99 (2.98–3) | 2.99 (2.98–3) | NS | |
| Model 2 | 3 (2.96–3.04) | 3 (2.96–3.04) | 3.01 (2.97–3.05) | 3 (2.96–3.04) | NS | |||
| Calculation | 6670 | Model 1 | 4.43 (4.39–4.48) | 4.49 (4.43–4.54) | 4.54 (4.49–4.59) | 4.56 (4.5–4.62) | 0.038 | |
| Model 2 | 4.47 (4.24–4.69) | 4.49 (4.27–4.71) | 4.54 (4.31–4.76) | 4.54 (4.32–4.77) | NS | |||
| Delay recall | 6670 | Model 1 | 2.2 (2.16–2.24) | 2.23 (2.19–2.28) | 2.24 (2.2–2.28) | 2.27 (2.22–2.32) | NS | |
| Model 2 | 2.22 (2.03–2.41) | 2.26 (2.07–2.45) | 2.27 (2.08–2.46) | 2.27 (2.07–2.46) | NS | |||
| Language | 6650 | Model 1 | 8.63 (8.61–8.66) | 8.68 (8.65–8.71) | 8.7 (8.67–8.73) | 8.7 (8.66–8.73) | 0.038 | |
| Model 2 | 8.66 (8.53–8.79) | 8.7 (8.57–8.83) | 8.72 (8.59–8.85) | 8.73 (8.59–8.86) | 0.024 | |||
| Total MMSE score | 6650 | Model 1 | 28.06 (27.98–28.14) | 28.23 (28.13–28.32) | 28.32 (28.22–28.41) | 28.35 (28.25–28.46) | <0.001 | |
| Model 2 | 28.19 (27.79–28.58) | 28.31 (27.91–28.71) | 28.39 (27.99–28.79) | 28.38 (27.98–28.79) | 0.024 | |||
| CDT score | 6652 | Model 1 | 5.87 (5.82–5.92) | 5.96 (5.9–6.02) | 5.93 (5.87–5.99) | 6.02 (5.95–6.08) | NS | |
| Model 2 | 5.98 (5.71–6.24) | 6.04 (5.77–6.31) | 6.03 (5.76–6.29) | 6.11 (5.84–6.38) | NS | |||
| TMT test | Total time A | 6703 | Model 1 | 55.87 (54.72–57.02) | 52.73 (51.36–54.1) | 51.27 (49.96–52.58) | 50.3 (48.82–51.77) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 50.48 (44.74–56.21) | 47.48 (41.72–53.24) | 45.81 (40.01–51.61) | 45.27 (39.46–51.08) | <0.001 | |||
| Total time B | 6784 | Model 1 | 143.33 (140.03–146.62) | 135.91 (131.98–139.84) | 130.38 (126.61–134.14) | 127.29 (123.06–131.53) | <0.001 | |
| Model 2 | 131.88 (115.33–148.44) | 123.78 (107.15–140.4) | 118.64 (101.9–135.38) | 117.3 (100.53–134.07) | <0.001 | |||
| COWAT test | Phonemic fluency | 6723 | Model 1 | 11.69 (11.5–11.87) | 12.32 (12.1–12.55) | 12.57 (12.35–12.78) | 12.93 (12.69–13.17) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 12.21 (11.3–13.11) | 12.76 (11.86–13.67) | 12.89 (11.98–13.81) | 13.13 (12.21–14.05) | <0.001 | |||
| Semantic fluency | 6723 | Model 1 | 15.54 (15.34–15.73) | 16.05 (15.81–16.28) | 16.5 (16.27–16.72) | 16.62 (16.37–16.88) | <0.001 | |
| Model 2 | 16.38 (15.39–17.37) | 16.91 (15.91–17.9) | 17.34 (16.34–18.34) | 17.45 (16.45–18.46) | <0.001 | |||
| DS test | Direct numeric series score | 5345 | Model 1 | 8.59 (8.47–8.7) | 8.83 (8.7–8.97) | 8.8 (8.67–8.93) | 8.87 (8.72–9.01) | NS |
| Model 2 | 8.56 (7.95–9.17) | 8.68 (8.07–9.3) | 8.54 (7.92–9.16) | 8.51 (7.89–9.13) | NS | |||
| Direct span | 2213 | Model 1 | 5.45 (5.33–5.56) | 5.48 (5.34–5.62) | 5.5 (5.37–5.63) | 5.62 (5.46–5.77) | NS | |
| Model 2 | 5.58 (5.12–6.05) | 5.62 (5.16–6.08) | 5.58 (5.11–6.05) | 5.68 (5.2–6.15) | NS | |||
| Inverse numeric series score | 5347 | Model 1 | 4.96 (4.86–5.07) | 5.15 (5.03–5.27) | 5.11 (5–5.23) | 5.19 (5.06–5.32) | NS | |
| Model 2 | 4.83 (4.3–5.36) | 4.88 (4.34–5.42) | 4.74 (4.2–5.28) | 4.74 (4.2–5.28) | NS | |||
| Inverse Span | 2200 | Model 1 | 3.6 (3.49–3.7) | 3.73 (3.61–3.86) | 3.77 (3.65–3.89) | 3.81 (3.67–3.95) | NS | |
| Model 2 | 3.69 (3.28–4.09) | 3.81 (3.41–4.21) | 3.78 (3.37–4.19) | 3.83 (3.42–4.24) | NS |
COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; DS = Digit Span test; MMSE = Mini-mental State Examination test; TMT = Trail Making Test.
NS = non significant.
Q1 (0–11 repetitions); Q2 (12–13 repetitions); Q3 (14–16 repetitions); Q4 (17–37 repetitions).
Mean ± (95% confidence interval).
Model 1: ANCOVA adjusted for age, sex and recruitment center.
Model 2: ANCOVA adjusted for age, sex, recruitment center, smoking status, adherence to er-MedDiet, BMI, civil status, educational level, sleep hours, working status, TV hours and prevalence of type 2 diabetes, depression, hypertension and cancer.
Significant p values in bold.