Table 7.
LME regression beta coefficients of specific messaging on sports bettors’ intended, actual, and excess spend
| Betting spend | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intended | Actual | Actual (excess) | ||||
| Logistic ($ > 0) | Log-normal [ln($)] | Logistic ($ > 0) | Log-normal [ln($)] | Logistic ($ > 0) | Log-normal [ln($)] | |
| Fixed effects | ||||||
| Saturday (vs. weekday) | 0.592 (0.115)** | −0.100 (0.035)** | 0.884 (0.132)** | 0.109 (0.041)** | 0.521 (0.145)** | 0.047 (0.043) |
| Spend intention ($ > 0) | 2.572 (0.137)** | |||||
| Spend intention [ln($)] | 0.256 (0.015)** | |||||
| PG/MR status | 0.810 (0.236)** | 0.569 (0.162)** | 0.903 (0.246)** | 0.731 (0.162)** | 0.616 (0.195)** | 0.551 (0.134)** |
| Rewards program | 0.014 (0.029) | 0.074 (0.034)* | ||||
| Advertisements on websites/apps | 0.411 (0.098)** | 0.477 (0.105)** | ||||
| Brands during events | 0.496 (0.090)** | |||||
| Multibet offer | 0.518 (0.096)** | |||||
| TV advertisements | 0.194 (0.032)** | |||||
| Constant | 0.285 (0.157) | 3.571 (0.117)** | −1.725 (0.260)** | 3.137 (0.130)** | −1.859 (0.224)** | 2.779 (0.099)** |
| Random effects (participant) | ||||||
| Variance (intercept) | 2.892 | 1.629 | 2.923 | 1.636 | 1.307 | 0.971 |
| No. of observations | 3,228 | 1,974 | 3,231 | 2,249 | 2,488 | 1,641 |
| No. of participants | 279 | 272 | 279 | 272 | 258 | 249 |
Note. Bracketed values indicate standard errors. LME: linear mixed effect; PG: problem gambler; MR: moderate-risk gambler.
*p < .05. **p < 0.01.