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. 2019 Feb 11;8(1):35–47. doi: 10.1556/2006.8.2019.03

Table 3.

Between- and within-group MANCOVA and post-hoc partial correlation results between smokers and HCs

Name of ROI Group main effect (ANCOVA)a Impulsivity main effect (ANCOVA)a Group by impulsivity interaction (ANCOVA)a
Sizeb Statistics Statistics Statistics
HCs Smokers F p η2 F p η2 rb,c F p η2 r (HCs)b,d r (IAs)b,d
Left superior frontal cortex 2.799 ± 0.118 2.725 ± 0.124 F1, 47 = 3.767 n.s. 0.07 F1, 47 = 0.060 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.994 n.s. 0.02
Left pars opercularis 2.648 ± 0.099 2.612 ± 0.111 F1, 47 = 0.955 n.s. 0.02 F1, 47 = 0.037 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.014 n.s. 0.00
Left pars triangularis 2.524 ± 0.098 2.471 ± 0.129 F1, 47 = 0.606 n.s. 0.01 F1, 47 = 0.692 n.s. 0.02 F1, 46 = 2.089 n.s. 0.04
Left pars orbitalis 2.729 ± 0.144 2.689 ± 0.097 F1, 47 = 0.459 n.s. 0.01 F1, 47 = 2.004 n.s. 0.02 F1, 46 = 1.316 n.s. 0.03
Left caudal middle frontal cortex 2.637 ± 0.125 2.606 ± 0.123 F1, 47 = 0.062 n.s. 0.00 F1, 47 = 0.045 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 2.629 n.s. 0.05
Left rostal middle frontal cortex 2.446 ± 0.107 2.392 ± 0.118 F1, 47 = 2.334 n.s. 0.05 F1, 47 = 0.248 n.s. 0.01 F1, 46 = 1.171 n.s. 0.03
Left lateral orbitofrontal cortex 2.709 ± 0.093 2.657 ± 0.118 F1, 47 = 3.334 n.s. 0.07 F1, 47 = 0.006 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.394 n.s. 0.01
Left medial orbitofrontal cortex 2.454 ± 0.092 2.423 ± 0.122 F1, 47 = 1.021 n.s. 0.02 F1, 47 = 0.105 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.146 n.s. 0.00
Left caudal anterior cingulate cortex 2.717 ± 0.206 2.603 ± 0.154 F1, 47 = 9.838 .003* 0.17 F1, 47 = 5.376 .025* 0.10 .245 F1, 46 = 1.032 n.s. 0.02
Left rostal anterior cingulate cortex 2.911 ± 0.156 2.837 ± 0.188 F1, 47 = 4.593 .037** 0.09 F1, 47 = 0.002 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.040 n.s. 0.00
Left superior temporal cortex 2.884 ± 0.117 2.805 ± 0.141 F1, 47 = 4.576 .041** 0.09 F1, 47 = 0.082 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 2.705 n.s. 0.03
Left middle temporal cortex 2.840 ± 0.105 2.845 ± 0.147 F1, 47 = 0.012 n.s. 0.00 F1, 47 = 0.454 n.s. 0.01 F1, 46 = 4.372 .04** 0.09 .35 −.17
Left inferior temporal cortex 2.752 ± 0.143 2.699 ± 0.156 F1, 47 = 1.342 n.s. 0.03 F1, 47 = 0.739 n.s. 0.02 F1, 46 = 1.556 n.s. 0.03
Left transverse temporal gyrus 2.605 ± 0.039 2.497 ± 0.133 F1, 47 = 9.806 .003* 0.17 F1, 47 = 3.032 n.s. 0.06 F1, 46 = 0.925 n.s. 0.03
Left insula 3.062 ± 0.076 2.977 ± 0.162 F1, 47 = 0.929 n.s. 0.02 F1, 47 = 2.108 n.s. 0.04 F1, 46 = 0.936 n.s. 0.03
Right superior frontal cortex 2.748 ± 0.109 2.676 ± 0.112 F1, 47 = 3.641 n.s. 0.07 F1, 47 = 0.189 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 1.214 n.s. 0.03
Right pars opercularis 2.626 ± 0.080 2.618 ± 0.151 F1, 47 = 0.008 n.s. 0.00 F1, 47 = 0.453 n.s. 0.01 F1, 46 = 0.001 n.s. 0.00
Right pars triangularis 2.500 ± 0.094 2.451 ± 0.103 F1, 47 = 1.730 n.s. 0.04 F1, 47 = 1.986 n.s. 0.04 F1, 46 = 0.342 n.s. 0.01
Right pars orbitalis 2.643 ± 0.138 2.626 ± 0.127 F1, 47 = 0.794 n.s. 0.02 F1, 47 = 0.022 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.160 n.s. 0.00
Right caudal middle frontal cortex 2.605 ± 0.112 2.586 ± 0.117 F1, 47 = 0.010 n.s. 0.00 F1, 47 = 0.175 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.188 n.s. 0.00
Right rostal middle frontal cortex 2.366 ± 0.082 2.313 ± 0.089 F1, 47 = 4.385 .042** 0.09 F1, 47 = 0.131 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 1.705 n.s. 0.04
Right lateral orbitofrontal cortex 2.603 ± 0.095 2.583 ± 0.125 F1, 47 = 1.174 n.s. 0.04 F1, 47 = 0.329 n.s. 0.01 F1, 46 = 1.991 n.s. 0.04
Right medial orbitofrontal cortex 2.434 ± 0.129 2.364 ± 0.121 F1, 47 = 2.683 n.s. 0.05 F1, 47 = 0.022 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.825 n.s. 0.02
Right caudal anterior cingulate cortex 2.488 ± 0.183 2.428 ± 0.094 F1, 47 = 1.425 n.s. 0.03 F1, 47 = 0.067 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.157 n.s. 0.00
Right rostal anterior cingulate cortex 2.827 ± 0.156 2.734 ± 0.159 F1, 47 = 3.620 n.s. 0.07 F1, 47 = 0.044 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.138 n.s. 0.00
Right superior temporal cortex 2.908 ± 0.130 2.827 ± 0.133 F1, 47 = 6.002 .018* 0.11 F1, 47 = 1.392 n.s. 0.03 F1, 46 = 9.010 .001* 0.16 .35 −.33
Right middle temporal cortex 2.936 ± 0.106 2.871 ± 0.119 F1, 47 = 3.050 n.s. 0.06 F1, 47 = 0.470 n.s. 0.01 F1, 46 = 10.622 .01* 0.18 .39 −.39
Right inferior temporal cortex 2.832 ± 0.076 2.800 ± 0.145 F1, 47 = 0.272 n.s. 0.01 F1, 47 = 0.001 n.s. 0.00 F1, 46 = 0.086 n.s. 0.00
Right transverse temporal gyrus 2.532 ± 0.155 2.566 ± 0.210 F1, 47 = 0.002 n.s. 0.00 F1, 47 = 0.502 n.s. 0.01 F1, 46 = 2.035 n.s. 0.04
Right insula 3.107 ± 0.089 2.987 ± 0.163 F1, 47 = 0.983 n.s. 0.02 F1, 47 = 1.596 n.s. 0.03 F1, 46 = 0.533 n.s. 0.01

Note. MANCOVA: multivariate analysis of covariance; HCs: healthy controls; IAs: Internet addicts; ANCOVA: analysis of covariance; ROI: region of interest.

aAdjusted for ICV, BDI, and STAI. bValues represent means ± standard deviations. cValues represent Pearson’s partial correlation coefficients between CT and impulsivity (BIS-11 total score) for HCs and smokers together. dValues represent Pearson’s partial correlation coefficients between CT and impulsivity (BIS-11 total score).

*Significant p value Benjamini–Hochberg adjusted for multiple comparisons. **Did not survive Benjamini–Hochberg correction.