Table 2.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Study Participants at Baseline
| Characteristic | Music therapy (n = 22) | Waitlist control (n = 21) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 48.76 (9.95) | 51.38 (16.87) | 0.12 |
| Gender, female, n (%) | 16 (72.73) | 17 (80.95) | 0.45 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.20 | ||
| Black | 18 (81.82) | 16 (76.19) | |
| Caucasian | 3 (13.64) | 0 (0) | |
| Asian | 1 (4.5) | 0 (0) | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 (0) | 1 (4.8) | |
| Multiracial | 0 (0) | 4 (19.05) | |
| Employment, n (%) | 1.0 | ||
| Employed | 3 (13.63) | 2 (9.52) | |
| Unemployed | 4 (18.18) | 3 (14.29) | |
| Retired | 1 (4.5) | 2 (9.52) | |
| On disability | 13 (59.1) | 13 (61.9) | |
| Duration of pain, years, mean (SD) | 9.43 (7.02) | 10.43 (11.13) | 0.68 |
| Pain diagnosis,an (%) | 0.71 | ||
| Arthritis | 8 (36.36) | 10 (47.62) | |
| Degenerative disc/spinal stenosis | 2 (9.09) | 3 (14.29) | |
| Neuropathy | 3 (13.63) | 1 (4.76) | |
| Fibromyalgia | 2 (9.09) | 2 (9.52) | |
| Pain impact score | 37.40 (6.64) | 39.19 (6.39) | 0.36 |
| Prior music performance experience,bn (%) | 0.75 | ||
| Yes | 13 (59.1) | 11 (52.38) | |
| No | 8 (38.10) | 10 (47.62) |
a
Most commonly reported pain diagnoses.
b
Having played an instrument or sung in a choir.
SD, standard deviation.