Table 3.
Trends in medication use of patients with knee osteoarthritis in the Intego registry (1996–2015)
| Group/medication | Prev. in 1996 | Prev. in 2015 | Overall trend | Trend 1 | Trend 2 | Trend 3* | |||
| AAPC (95% CI) | Years | APC (95% CI) |
Years | APC (95% CI) |
Years | APC (95% CI) |
|||
| Acetaminophen | 5.3 | 19.2 | 6.7 (5.6 to 7.7) | 1996–2010 | 8.0 (6.8 to 9.2) | 2010–2015 | 3.1 (0.3 to 5.9) | ||
| Males | 5.2 | 17.4 | 5.8 (4.9 to 6.6) | ||||||
| Females | 5.4 | 20.2 | 7.0 (5.8 to 8.3) | 1996–2010 | 8.7 (7.3 to 10.1) | 2010–2015 | 2.7 (−0.6 to 6.0) | ||
| Oral NSAID (exclusion cox-2) | 28.4 | 29.4 | 0.0 (−1.1 to 1.1) | 1996–2002 | −1.0 (−3.5 to 1.6) | 2002–2008 | 2.4 (−0.1 to 5.0) | 2008–2015 | −1.2 (−2.4 to 0.1) |
| Males | 28.6 | 28.8 | 0.5 (−0.2 to 1.2) | 1996–2009 | 1.1 (0.4 to 1.9) | 2009–2015 | 0.5 (−0.2 to 1.2) | ||
| Females | 28.3 | 29.6 | 0.3 (−0.1 to 0.8) | ||||||
| Cox-2 selective NSAID | 3.0 | 2.3 | −7.7 (−36.0 to 33.0) | 2000–2004 | −2.7 (−29.3 to 33.9) | 2004–2007 | −48.4 (−93.5 to 309.5) | 2007–2015 | 11.8 (−3.4 to 29.5) |
| Males | 2.2 | 1.8 | −13.3 (−19.3 to − 6.7) | ||||||
| Females | 3.4 | 2.7 | −7.3 (−34.0 to 30.1) | 2000–2004 | −3.3 (−29.1 to 32.0) | 2004–2007 | −47.2 (−92.2 to 257.6) | 2007–2015 | 12.0 (−2.9 to 29.2) |
| Topical NSAID | 7.8 | 5.9 | −1.0 (−2.4 to 0.4) | 1996–2003 | −4.7 (−8.1 to − 1.2) | 2003–2015 | 1.2 (−0.0 to 2.4) | ||
| Males | 9.3 | 5.8 | −0.9 (−2.2 to 0.5) | ||||||
| Females | 7.1 | 5.9 | −0.8 (−2.3 to 0.7) | 1996–2003 | −4.3 (−8.0 to − 0.4) | 2003–2015 | 1.3 (−0.0 to 2.6) | ||
| Weak opioids | 2.8 | 6.1 | 4.0 (0.9 to 7.3) | 1996–1998 | 36.3 (0.4 to 85.2) | 1998–2009 | −0.9 (−2.3 to 0.5) | 2009–2015 | 4.0 (1.6 to 6.4) |
| Males | 1.5 | 5.2 | 2.9 (1.5 to 4.4) | ||||||
| Females | 3.3 | 6.7 | 2.8 (−0.0 to 5.7) | 1996–2000 | 14.7 (1.6 to 29.4) | 2000–2008 | −3.2 (−6.4 to 0.2) | 2008–2015 | 3.5 (0.6 to 6.4) |
| Strong opioids | 2.5 | 4.3 | 1.9 (−0.4 to 4.3) | 1996–2003 | 9.0 (2.5 to 16.0) | 2003–2015 | −2.0 (−3.7 to − 0.3) | ||
| Males | 1.7 | 3.6 | −0.2 (−2.0 to 1.6) | ||||||
| Females | 2.9 | 4.7 | 2.3 (0.3 to 4.3) | 1996–2003 | 10.0 (4. 4 to 15.9) | 2003–2015 | −2.0 (−3.4 to − 0.5) | ||
| Parenteral glucocorticoids | 9.1 | 8.1 | −0.7 (−1.8 to 0.5) | 1996–2005 | −2.1 (−3.5 to − 0.7) | 2005–2012 | 2.7 (0.8 to 4.7) | 2012–2015 | −4.1 (−9.2 to 1.2) |
| Males | 8.1 | 8.6 | 0.8 (0.0 to 1.6) | ||||||
| Females | 9.6 | 7.9 | −1.3 (−2.6 to 0.0) | 1996–2003 | −3.8 (−6.0 to − 1.5) | 2003–2012 | 2.0 (0.6 to 3.4) | 2012–2015 | −5.1 (−10.7 to 0.8) |
| Glucosamine* | 0.6 | 1.8 | 8.6 (2.4 to 15.1) | 2001–2004 | 64.1 (25.0 to 115.3) | 2004–2011 | −9.6 (−14.3 to − 4.4) | 2011–2015 | 9.8 (−0.6 to 21.2) |
| Males | 0.1 | 1.8 | 17.3 (−18.8 to 69.5) | 2001–2003 | 212.4 (−83.1 to 5664.3) | 2003–2015 | −0.4 (−4.8 to 4.2) | ||
| Females | 0.9 | 1.8 | 6.8 (0.4 to 13.7) | 2001–2004 | 56.7 (18.3 to 107.5) | 2004–2011 | −10.0 (−15.3 to − 4.3) | 2011–2015 | 8.2 (−3.6 to 21.4) |
Bold: indicates that the (average) annual percentage change (APC) is significantly different from zero at the alpha= 0.05 level.
*Three possible time trends were computed with the joinpoint regression analysis. The corresponding time cohorts and APC are mentioned in these three columns.
†Glucosamine: registration starts from 2001; cox-2 selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) starts from 2000.
AAPC, average annual percentage change; Prev, prevalence.