Table 4.

Constructs in the process evaluation and preintervention and postintervention surveys

Research question	Construct	Content	Items (n)	Response alternatives	Reference	Time of measurement	Cronbach’s alpha
	Process evaluation (self-rated manager data)
1	Appraisal of the intervention as a whole	Complexity, relevance, novelty and valence involvement	10	10-point continuum for each adjective pair	61	WS5	0.81 0.68 0.84 0.60 0.29
2	Knowledge about implementation and implementation leadership		6	1 (strongly disagree)–10 (strongly agree)	Especially constructed to match the iLead intervention	WS1/2, WS3, WS4 and WS5	0.90 0.97 0.93 0.97
	Preintervention and postintervention surveys (employee data)
3	Changes in implementation and leadership	Extent of perceived changes in the implementation of the new method as well in the manager’s leadership during the last 6 months	2	1 (big impairment)–5 (no change) to 10 (great improvement)	62 63	T2 T3	0.79 0.74
4	Active implementation leadership	Leadership behaviours in line with FRLM related to the implementation	13	1 (strongly disagree)–5 (strongly agree)	50	T2 T3	0.95 0.96

FRLM, full-range leadership model; T2, postmeasure 1; T3, postmeasure 2; WS, workshop.