TABLE 1.

Systemic characteristics of diabetic and non-diabetic mice at endpoint.

Systemic characteristics	Non-diabetic					Diabetic
Time after diabetes induction (weeks)	2	4	8	12	16	2	4	8	12	16
n	8	10	9	9	11	16	9	10	11	10
Body weight (g)	27.30.8	27.10.6	26.30.6	31.21.1	30.91.0	26.30.7	26.30.4	25.60.5	29.11.0	29.20.6
Heart (mg)	123.92.5	121.11.7	120.72.1	138.83.2	137.12.8	116.13.0	117.12.2	114.12.6	133.14.2	134.63.1
Left ventricle (mg)	87.91.9	84.01.3	84.31.3	91.92.6	98.22.8	83.22.8	82.31.6	78.02.0	88.02.9	92.62.2
Right ventricle (mg)	20.81.3	21.50.4	22.31.0	29.71.1	21.30.7	17.50.6*	19.30.6	20.71.1	25.91.7*	20.50.8
Atria (mg)	9.60.8	8.90.7	9.70.5	10.30.5	12.30.8	9.60.3	8.70.4	10.30.8	11.80.9	14.31.0*
Liver (mg)	145955	139630	137528	158175	150261	169255*	173755*	169854*	1789105*	195566*
Kidney (mg)	187.26.3	166.13.6	183.27.8	205.78.1	191.95.4	202.56.1	217.99.6*	232.98.2*	230.010.0*	262.38.8*
Spleen (mg)	104.42.0	95.62.6	91.01.8	102.52.8	98.32.5	119.93.8*	110.86.0*	104.05.5*	109.86.8	108.63.3
Muscle (gastrocnemius) (mg)	146.73.1	150.13.7	152.12.1	166.35.6	165.44.6	138.74.7	140.74.4	135.46.2*	153.75.9	153.16.1
Tibia length (mm)	16.60.2	16.80.1	16.80.1	17.30.2	17.60.1	16.60.1	16.90.1	17.00.1	17.60.2	17.60.1
n	8	10	9	9	11	10	8	8	9	7
Heart rate (bpm)	37210	33415	3319	3298	38313	37615	36917	36517	34515	37419
n	0	10	9	9	6	0	9	10	9	5
Water consumption (ml)	−	3.40.7	3.50.7	3.10.7	2.10.7	−	14.22.4*	16.63.1*	12.03.9*	14.45.9*
Food consumption (g)	−	3.60.2	3.90.3	3.20.3	3.10.7	−	5.30.2*	5.70.4*	4.30.5*	5.60.6*
Urine output (ml)	−	0.60.1	0.30.1	0.80.3	0.60.1	−	13.32.3*	13.62.9*	9.13.3*	12.35.3*

Morphological measurements of tissues, heart rate from endpoint echocardiograph, and metabolic cage data (2 week group was not measured) from diabetic and non-diabetic mice. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with Benjamini and Hochberg post hoc test. *P < 0.05 vs age-matched non-diabetic mice. Italicized values are number of animals per group.