Figure 1.

Flow diagram showing the diagnostic outcomes of the study population

Xpert=Xpert MTB/RIF. MGIT=mycobacterial growth indicator tube. HSV=herpes simplex virus. CSF=cerebrospinal fluid. *Five participants with confirmed tuberculous meningitis had a positive CSF cryptococcal antigen test, of whom two had culture-confirmed cryptococcal meningitis. †Culture or PCR positive. ‡Two HSV type 1, two HSV type 2, two varicella zoster virus, and one cytomegalovirus. §One confirmed Streptococcus pneumoniae on PCR, four clinical diagnosis of bacterial meningitis based on CSF picture (ie, high CSF white blood cell count with neutrophil predominance suggestive of bacterial meningitis).