16. Comparison 9: hypnosis versus conventional treatment.
| Study | Outcome | Intervention | Control | Results |
| Huet 2011 | Anxiety (mYPAS4; 22 categories, 0 to 100; self‐reported) | Median: 23 | Median: 50 | P = 0.021 (Mann‐Whitney test) |
| Pain (mOPS; 5 categories, 0 to 10; investigator reported) | Mean: 1.07 (1.05 SD) | Mean: 2.86 (2.16 SD) | P < 0.05 (Mann‐Whitney test) | |
| Pain (VAS; 0 to 10; self‐reported after LA) | VAS of 0: 4 (n = 14) |
VAS of 0: 2 (n = 15) | Chi2: 10.08; df = 1; P = 0.001 | |
| VAS > or = 3: 2 (n = 14) | VAS > or = 3: 9 (n = 15) | Chi2: 6.43; df = 1; P = 0.0112 | ||
| Study | Outcome | Intervention | Control | Results |
| Carrasco 2017 | Pain perception assessed with the FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) during LA | Mean: 2.65 | Mean: 2.10 | Sutdy authors reported that no statistically significant differences were found with the FLACC scale: P = 0.50 |
| Heart rate before and during LA | Heart rate before LA (baseline): 92.31 Heart rate during LA: 93.57 Heart rate difference between the before and during: ‐1.254 |
Heart rate before LA (baseline): 94.16 Heart rate during LA: 99.3 Heart rate difference between the before and during: ‐5.767 |
Study authors reported that there was a difference of 5 beats per minute between the basal point and the point of administering anaesthesia in the control group, while no difference was detected for the hypnosis group (P = 0.05) |
|
| Skin conductance before and during LA | Use of skin conductance as an outcome measure is not clear yet and not well justified, as there are few studies to support its use in dentistry. We decided to exclude this outcome measure in this review | |||
| Study | Outcome | Intervention | Control | Results |
| Oberoi 2016 | Physical and verbal resistance: resistance to delivery of LA | Percentage of patients that showed no resistance: 68.10% | Percentage of patients that showed no resistance: 31.9% | Statistically significantly more patients showed resistance in the control group: P < 0.05 Study authors did not specify which tests were used for each comparison: "Descriptive statistics, a chi‐squared test, and a t test were used to establish the relationship between the groups" |
| Change in oxygenation level: from baseline until LA delivery | Before LA Mean: 97.90 (SD = 0.72) After LA Mean: 97.81 (SD = 0.61) |
Before LA Mean: 97.75 (SD = 0.69) After LA Mean: 97.85 (SD = 0.46) |
No statistically significant difference between groups: P = 0.095 | |
| Pulse rate: measured at baseline, at tissue penetration and on administration of LA | Before LA Mean: 107.92 (SD = 4.65) After LA Mean: 93.17 (SD = 4.65) |
Before LA Mean: 103.93 (SD = 4.46) After LA Mean: 108.23 (SD = 4.79) |
Statistical significantly reduced pulse rate in treatment group: group 1 P = 0.000 | |
df = degrees of freedom; LA = local anaesthetic; mOPS = modified objective pain score; mYPAS = modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale; n = number; SD = standard deviation; VAS = visual analogue scale.