Table 6.
Associations Between Methotrexate Use and Cytokine Expression After Activation of PBMCs With Immunostimulants
| Association | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Time | Stimulant | Positive | Negative |
| Visit 1 | CD3/CD28 | … | Factor 1*, factor 2*, factor 3*, IL-5**, IL-10*, IL-13*, IL-6**, GM-CSF*, MCP-1*a, MIP-1β* |
| PHA | … | … | |
| PMA/Ion | … | Factor 3**, IL-5***, IL-13** | |
| SEA/SEB | … | IL-6** | |
| CpG | … | IL-10*a | |
| Medium | IL-6*a | … | |
| Change between visits | CD3/CD28 | Factor 1*, factor 2**, Factor 3*, IL-8*a IL-2* | IL-8*a |
| PHA | … | … | |
| PMA/Ion | Factor 3* | ||
| SEA/SEB | … | … | |
| CpG | Factor 2*, factor 3*, IFN-γ*, IL-5*, MCP-1*a | … | |
| Medium | … | … | |
| Visit 2 | CD3/CD28 | Factor 1*, factor 2*, factor 3*, IL-1β***, IL-2* | IL-5*, IL-8*a |
| PHA | … | … | |
| PMA/Ion | … | … | |
| SEA/SEB | … | … | |
| CpG | Factor 2*, IFN-γ*. | ||
| Medium | … | … | |
Abbreviations: CD3/CD28, anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 microbeads; CpG, cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligonucleotide ODN2006; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; Medium, RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal calf serum; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; PHA, phytohemagglutinin; PMA/Ion, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate–ionomycin; SEA/SEB, staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
Cytokine that was not loaded into a factor at 0.5 or more.
P<.05.
P≤.01.
P≤.001.