Study	Reason for exclusion
Adel 2013	Wrong study design
Alves 2014	Wrong intervention
Alves 2014a	Wrong intervention
Anderson 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Ann 2012	Wrong patient population
Anon 2007	Nature of intervention unclear
Anon 2007a	Nature of intervention unclear
Apostolo 2014	Wrong patient population
Baglio 2011	Nature of intervention unclear
Ball 2002	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Ball 2002a	Duplicate
Ball 2006	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Ball 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Ballesteros 2014	Duplicate
Ballesteros 2014a	Duplicate
Ballesteros 2015	Duplicate
Ballesteros 2015a	Duplicate
Ballesteros 2017	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Bamidis 2015	Wrong study design
Baniqued 2014	Adult population
Baniqued 2015	Younger than 30 years of age
Barban 2012	Duplicate
Barban 2016	Wrong study design: cross‐over trial that reported outcome data only at the end of trial, after cross‐over had taken place
Barbosa 2015	Wrong intervention
Barcelos 2015	Wrong intervention
Barnes 2006	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Barnes 2009	Duplicate
Barnes 2013	Wrong patient population
Basak 2016	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Beck 2013	Wrong intervention
Belchior 2007	Wrong outcomes
Belchior 2008	Wrong outcomes
Belleville 2006	Wrong intervention
Belleville 2014	Wrong outcomes
Berry 2010	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Bier 2015	Wrong study design
Binder 2016	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Bittner 2013	Wrong study design
Borella 2010	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Borella 2013	Wrong intervention
Borella 2014	Duplicate
Borella 2017	Wrong intervention
Boripuntakul 2012	Wrong intervention
Borness 2013	Wrong patient population
Bottiroli 2009	Duplicate
Bottiroli 2009a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Bozoki 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Brehmer 2012	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Brum 2013	Duplicate
Buitenweg 2017	Wrong intervention
Buiza 2008	Wrong intervention
Bureš 2016	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Buschert 2011	Wrong intervention
Buschert 2011a	Duplicate
Buschert 2012	Wrong intervention
Buschert 2012a	Duplicate
Buschkuehl 2008	Wrong design. Not an RCT. Quote: "pseudorandomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group. Both groups were matched as closely as possible according to gender, age, body weight, and selected physical performance measures"
Calkins 2011	Wrong intervention
Cammarata 2011	No outcome given
Cancela 2015	Wrong patient population
Candela 2015	Wrong intervention
Cantarella 2017	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Cao 2016	Wrong route of administration
Carretti 2013	Wrong intervention
Casutt 2014	Wrong outcomes
Chapman 2015	Wrong intervention
Chapman 2016	Wrong intervention
Chapman 2017	Wrong intervention
Cheng 2012	Wrong intervention
Cheng 2018	Wrong patient population
Cho 2002	Younger than 30 years of age
Cleverley 2012	Wrong intervention
Cohen‐Mansfield 2014	Wrong intervention
Cohen‐Mansfield 2014a	Wrong intervention
Cohen‐Mansfield 2015	Wrong intervention
Cohen‐Mansfield 2015a	Duplicate
Combourieu 2014	Wrong outcomes
Corbett 2015	Wrong patient population
Costa 2015	Wrong patient population
Danassi 2015	Duplicate
Dannhauser 2014	Wrong study design
de Almondes 2017	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
de Macedo 2015	Wrong outcomes
De Vreesse 1996	Wrong intervention
Diamond 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Dittmann‐Kohli 1991	Wrong intervention
Djabelkhir 2017	Wrong patient population
Duncan 2009	Wrong intervention
Dwolatzky 2005	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Eckroth‐Bucher 2009	Wrong patient population
Edwards 2005	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Edwards 2011	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Edwards 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Edwards 2015a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Efthymiou 2011	Wrong comparator
Engvig 2014	Wrong study design
Fabre 2002	Wrong intervention
Faille 2007	Nature of intervention unclear
Fairchild 2010	Wrong intervention
Feng 2013	Wrong intervention
Feng 2015	Wrong intervention
Feng 2017	Wrong patient population
Fiatarone Singh 2014	Wrong patient population
Finn 2011	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Finn 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Finn 2015a	Duplicate
Flak 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Flak 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Flak 2014a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Flak 2016	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Foerster 2009	No outcome given
Forloni 2012	No outcome given
Forster 2011	Wrong intervention
Fortman 2013	Wrong comparator
Gagnon 2012	Wrong study design
Gagnon 2012a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Gaitan 2013	Wrong patient population
Gajewski 2012	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Gajewski 2017	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Garcia‐Campuzano 2013	Nature of intervention unclear
Gates 2011	Study protocol
Gill 2016	Wrong intervention
Gillette 2009	No outcome given
Giovannini 2015	No outcome given
Giuli 2016	Wrong intervention
Giuli 2017	Wrong intervention
Golino 2017	Wrong intervention
Gooding 2016	Wrong patient population
Haesner 2015	Wrong study design
Haesner 2015a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Haimov 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Haimov 2013a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Haimov 2013b	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Haimov 2013c	Duplicate
Haimov 2013d	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Haimov 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Haimov 2014a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Hardy 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Hausmann 2012	Wrong intervention
Hayashi 2012	Wrong intervention
Hayslip B Jr 2016	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Heinzel 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Herrera 2012	Wrong patient population
Hudak 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Hughes 2014	Wrong population: participants with mild cognitive impairment
Hötting 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Ignjatovic 2015	Younger than 30 years of age
Irigaray 2012	Wrong intervention
Israel 1997	Nature of intervention unclear
ISRCTN70130279	Wrong intervention
Jackson 2012	Nature of intervention unclear
Jansen 2012	Wrong intervention
Jean 2010	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Jeong 2016	Wrong intervention
Jobe 2001	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Jones 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Kampanaros 2010	Wrong intervention
Kholin 2010	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Kim 2012	Wrong outcomes
Kim 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Kim 2013a	Wrong outcomes
Kim 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Kim 2015a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Kim 2015b	Duplicate
Kivipelto 2014	Wrong intervention
Klusmann 2009	Duplicate
Klusmann 2010a	Duplicate
Klusmann 2011	Younger than 30 years of age
Kudelka 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Kwak 2015	Natue of intervention unclear
Kwak 2017	Nature of intervention unclear
Kwok 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Kwok 2013a	Wrong patient population
Lampit 2013	Wrong study design
Lavretsky 2016	Nature of intervention unclear
Law 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Law 2014a	Duplicate
Lee 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Lee 2013a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Lee 2013b	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Lee 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Lee 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
León 2015	Wrong comparator
Li 2010	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Linde 2014	Nature of intervention unclear
Mace 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Mahncke 2006	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Maillot 2012	Wrong intervention. RCT meeting all inclusion criteria but those for the intervention: exergames, which we considered to be a combined intervention of physical exercise and computerised cognitive training; persons in the control group received no intervention
Man 2012	Wrong comparator
Mann 2012	Wrong patient population
Margrett 2006	Wrong patient population
Mayas 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
McAvinue 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
McDaniel 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
McDougall 2012	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Middleton 2012	Wrong intervention
Miller 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Mohs 1998	Wrong intervention
Mombelli 2012	No outcome given
Moon 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Mowszowski 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Mowszowski 2014a	Duplicate
Mozolic 2010	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Mozolic 2011	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Muller 2011	Nature of intervention unclear
Na 2013	Duplicate
Na 2014	Nature of intervention unclear
Naismith 2014	Duplicate
Navarro 2006	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
NCT02417558 2015	Nature of intervention unclear
NCT02462135 2014	No outcome given
NCT02480738 2012	No outcome given
NCT02512627 2015	No outcome given
NCT02747784 2016	Wrong patient population
NCT02774083 2015	Wrong comparator
NCT02785315 2016	Wrong intervention
NCT02808676 2016	Wrong intervention
Neely 2013	Nature of intervention unclear
Ng 2015	Wrong intervention
Ngandu 2015	Wrong intervention
Ngandu 2015a	Wrong intervention
Nishiguchi 2015	Wrong intervention
Nouchi 2012	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Nouchi 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Nozawa 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
O'Caoimh 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Oei 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Oliveira 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Optale 2010	Wrong patient population
Otsuka 2015	Wrong study design
Park 2009	Nature of intervention unclear
Park 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Payne 2012	Wrong intervention
Payne 2017	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Rahe 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Rahe 2015a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Rebok 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Rebok 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Redick 2013	Younger than 30 years of age
Requena 2016	Wrong intervention
Rizkalla 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Rojas 2013	Wrong intervention
Rose 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Rosen 2011	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Rozzini 2007	Wrong patient population
Ryu 2013	Wrong study design
Sakka 2015	Wrong study design
Santos 2011	Wrong comparator
Schoene 2015	Duplicate
Schoene 2015a	Duplicate
Schumacher 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Shah 2012	Wrong patient population
Shatil 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Shatil 2014a	Duplicate
Sisco 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Slegers 2009	Wrong intervention
Smith 2009	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Smith‐Ray 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Smith‐Ray 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Smith‐Ray 2015a	Duplicate
Solomon 2014	Wrong comparator
Song 2009	Wrong intervention
Stepankova 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Stine‐Morrow 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Strenziok 2013	Duplicate
Strenziok 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Sturz 2011	Wrong patient population
Sturz 2011a	Nature of intervention unclear
Sturz 2015	Duplicate
Styliadis 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Styliadis 2015a	Duplicate
Suo 2012	Wrong outcomes
Szelag 2012	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Talib 2008	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Tappen 2014	Wrong intervention
Tennstedt 2013	Study protocol
Tesky 2012	Wrong intervention
Tsai 2008	Wrong study design
Tsolaki 2013	Nature of intervention unclear
Tucker‐Drob 2009	Wrong study design
van den Berg 2016	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
van der Ploeg 2016	Wrong study design
Vance 2007	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Vidovich 2009	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Vidovich 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Vidovich 2015a	Duplicate
von Bastian 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wadley 2007	Wrong study design
Walton 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wang 2013	Wrong intervention
Weicker 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wild‐Wall 2012	Wrong outcomes
Williams 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Willis 1986	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Willis 2006	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Willis 2006a	Duplicate
Willis 2007	Duplicate
Willis 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wojtynska 2011	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wolinsky 2006	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wolinsky 2006a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wolinsky 2010	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wolinsky 2010a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wolinsky 2013	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Wolinsky 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Yam 2014	Wrong intervention
Yassuda 2015	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Yip 2012	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Yoonmi 2012	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Youn 2011	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Zelinski 2011	Wrong study design
Zelinski 2011a	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks
Zhuang 2013	Wrong patient population
Zimmermann 2014	Intervention shorter than 12 weeks