Table 1.
Patient characteristics in first six-month interval after HFrEF diagnosis
| Characteristics | Overall | 1st Pulse Rate Decile | 5th Pulse Rate Decile | 10th Pulse Rate Decile | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 51,194 | (47–59 bpm) | (72–75 bpm) | (97–117 bpm) | ||
| n = 7026 | n = 5479 | n = 2929 | |||
| Age, y | 66.9 ± 11.5 | 69.4 ± 11 | 11.4 ± 62.5 | 62.5 ± 10.9 | <.0001 |
| Sex (male), % | 50,267 (98.2%) | 6949 (98.9%) | 5378 (98.2%) | 2841 (97.0%) | <.0001 |
| Race,% | |||||
| White | 35,577 (76.9%) | 5061 (79.7%) | 3782 (76.4%) | 1833 (68.5%) | <.0001 |
| African American | 9784 (21.1%) | 1170 (18.4%) | 1062 (21.5%) | 798 (29.8%) | |
| Other | 912 (2.0%) | 122 (1.9%) | 106 (2.1%) | 46 (1.7%) | |
| BMI,% | |||||
| < 18.5, kg/m2 | 1225 (2.4%) | 131 (1.9%) | 123 (2.3%) | 137 (4.8%) | <.0001 |
| 18.5–24.9, kg/m2 | 12,766 (25.7%) | 1959 (28.6%) | 1360 (25.5%) | 807 (28.2%) | |
| 25–29.9, kg/m2 | 16,551 (33.3%) | 2413 (35.2%) | 1717 (32.2%) | 816 (28.5%) | |
| 30–34.9, kg/m2 | 10,998 (22.1%) | 1425 (20.8%) | 1221 (22.9%) | 580 (20.3%) | |
| ≥ 35, kg/m2 | 8203 (16.5%) | 929 (13.6%) | 915 (17.2%) | 520 (18.2%) | |
| Baseline EF, % | 26.6 ± 7.4 | 26.9 ± 7.4 | 26.6 ± 7.3 | 25.8 ± 7.5 | <.0001 |
| Serum Potassium, mEq/L | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | <.0001 |
| Serum Sodium, mmol/L | 138.9 ± 3.2 | 139.2 ± 2.9 | 138.9 ± 3.1 | 138.2 ± 3.3 | <.0001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 67.7 ± 24.1 | 63.7 ± 22.9 | 67.5 ± 24 | 74.9 ± 25.6 | <.0001 |
| Anemia, % | 24,707 (48.3%) | 3591 (51.1%) | 2693 (49.2%) | 1591 (54.3%) | 0.0001 |
| Coronary artery disease, % | 37,147 (72.6%) | 5484 (78.1%) | 4097 (74.8%) | 1820 (62.1%) | <.0001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, % | 17,902 (35.0%) | 2286 (32.5%) | 1926 (35.2%) | 1409 (48.1%) | <.0001 |
| Dementia, % | 5944 (11.6%) | 865 (12.3%) | 625 (11.4%) | 493 (16.8%) | <.0001 |
| Diabetes, % | 25,011 (48.9%) | 3155 (44.9%) | 2839 (51.8%) | 1596 (54.5%) | <.0001 |
| Hypertension, % | 42,866 (83.7%) | 6155 (87.6%) | 4671 (85.3%) | 2483 (84.8%) | <.0001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, % | 13,091 (25.6%) | 1981 (28.2%) | 1423 (26.0%) | 760 (26.0%) | 0.0025 |
| Stroke/Transient ischemic attack, % | 9494 (18.6%) | 1547 (22.0%) | 1025 (18.7%) | 512 (17.5%) | <.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia, % | 38,370 (75.0%) | 5577 (79.4%) | 4229 (77.2%) | 2006 (68.5%) | <.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter, % | 2673 (5.2%) | 464 (6.6%) | 301 (5.5%) | 188 (6.4%) | <.0001 |