Table 3.

COS-STAD review for the included COS development studies

	Study	Auvinen 1996 [21]	Chen 2014 [22]	Dawson 1998 [23]	Denis 1997 [24]	MacLennan 2017 [25]	Martin 2015 [26]
	Study type	COS for clinical trials or clinical research	COS patient reported outcomes	COS for clinical trials or clinical research	COS for clinical trials or clinical research	COS for clinical trials or clinical research	COS for practice
	Methods for consensus	Semi structured discussion; meeting	Systematic literature review; consensus meeting	Survey	Semi structured discussion: meeting	Consensus meeting; Delphi; focus groups; systematic review	Modified Delphi; teleconference; surveys
Domain	Minimum standard
Scope specification	The research or practice setting(s) in which the COS is to be applied	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	The health condition(s) covered by the COS	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	The population(s) covered by the COS	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	The intervention(s) covered by the COS	Yes	Yes	NR	NR	Yes	Yes
Stakeholders involved	Those who will use the COS in research	Yes	NR	Yes	NR	NR	No
	Healthcare professionals with experience of patients with the condition	NR	Yes	Yes	NR	Yes	Yes
	Patients with the condition or their representatives	No	Yes	No	NR	Yes	Yes
Consensus process	Initial list of outcomes considered both healthcare professionals’ and patients’ views	NR	No	Yes	NR	Yes	Yes
	A scoring process and consensus definition were described a priori	NR	NR	NR	NR	Yes	NR
	Criteria for including/dropping/adding outcomes were described a priori	NR	NR	NR	NR	Yes	NR
	Care was taken to avoid ambiguity of language used in the list of outcomes	NR	No	NR	NR	Yes	NR
	Study	Middleton 1995 [27]	Morgans 2015 [28]	Schellhammer 1997 [29]	Van den Bos 2014 [30]	Van den Bos 2015 [31]
	Study type	COS for clinical trials or clinical research	COS for practice	COS for clinical trials or clinical research	COS for clinical trials or clinical research	COS for clinical trials or clinical research
	Methods for consensus	Literature review	Modified Delphi; literature review; teleconferences	Literature review; conference	Modified Delphi; consensus meeting; literature review	Delphi process; consensus meeting; literature review
Domain	Minimum standard
Scope specification	The research or practice setting(s) in which the COS is to be applied	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	The health condition(s) covered by the COS	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	The population(s) covered by the COS	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	The intervention(s) covered by the COS	Yes	Yes	NR	Yes	Yes
Stakeholders involved	Those who will use the COS in research	NR	No	NR	Yes	NR
	Healthcare professionals with experience of patients with the condition	NR	Yes	NR	Yes	Yes
	Patients with the condition or their representatives	No	Yes	NR	No	No
Consensus process	Initial list of outcomes considered both healthcare professionals’ and patients’ views	No	Yes	Yes	No	No
	A scoring process and consensus definition were described a priori	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Criteria for including/dropping/adding outcomes were described a priori	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Care was taken to avoid ambiguity of language used in the list of outcomes	No	NR	NR	No	NR

COS Core outcome set, COS-STAD COS-STAndards for Development, NR Nothing reported