De Sonnaville 1997.

Methods	CBA Characteristics of studies using second site as control: NOT DONE Follow up: ‐ providers: NOT CLEAR ‐ patients: NOT DONE Blinded assessment: DONE for laboratory outcomes, NOT CLEAR for BMI, wellbeing, treatment satisfaction Baseline: NOT DONE for fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure DONE for HbA1c, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, serum cholesterol, BMI, diastolic blood pressure NOT CLEAR‐> wellbeing, treatment satisfaction Reliable outcomes: DONE for HbA1c, fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, serum cholesterol, triglycerides NOT CLEAR‐> BMI, wellbeing, treatment satisfaction Protection against contamination: DONE unit of analysis error
Participants	22 of 29 eligible GPs in the western part of Amsterdam (The Netherlands). GPs were requested to enrol all their known and newly diagnosed NIDDM patients. Of the 570 eligible patient in the intervention group 167 did not participate. Two‐year follow‐up data were available of 350 of 459 patients. In the control group follow‐up data were available of 68 of 102 participants (Type 2 diabetes) providers ‐ 22 physicians patients ‐ 561 practices ‐ ?
Interventions	Intervention group: Organisational intervention (clinical multidisciplinary team + formal integration of services + arrangements for follow up + communication and case discussion between distant health professionals + changes to the setting /site of service delivery + changes in medical records systems) + patient education (GP was supported by a laboratory with facilities to visit patients at home, a computerised patient register and recall system, a diabetes nurse educator and a podiatrist) Control group: usual care Length of intervention: 2 years
Outcomes	PROCESS: NONE PATIENT: Fasting glucose HbA1c BMI Blood glucose lowering therapy Total cholesterol HDL‐cholesterol Triglycerides Systolic blood pressure Diastolic blood pressure
Notes	National guidelines (Dutch GP Guidelines) based upon the guidelines of the European NIDDM Policy Group ‐directed at monitoring and treatment ‐targets: glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	D ‐ Not used