Lobach 1997.

Methods	RCT (randomised by provider) Randomisation concealment: NOT CLEAR Follow up: ‐ providers: NOT DONE ‐ patients: NOT CLEAR Blinded assessment: DONE Baseline: DONE Reliable outcomes: NOT DONE Protection against contamination: DONE unit of analysis error
Participants	Primary care clinic at Duke University Medical Center (North Carolina, US) 20 family physicians, 1 general internist, 2 nurse practitioners, 2 physician's assistants, 33 family medicine residents were randomised. 30 were included because they met predefined criteria for minimum exposure to diabetic patient care. 359 charts were included with 884 encounters in which diabetes was addressed (not clear which type of diabetes) providers ‐ 30 primary care clinicians patients ‐ 359 encounters ‐ 884 practices ‐ 1 primary care clinic
Interventions	Intervention group: Professional intervention (local consensus processes + audit and feedback + reminders) Control group: usual care Length of intervention: 6 months
Outcomes	PROCESS: Compliance rate overall Compliance rate with regard to specific guidelines on: Foot examination Complete physical examination Chronic glycemia monitoring Urine protein determination Cholesterol level Ophthalmologic examination Influenza vaccination Pneumococcal vaccination PATIENT: NONE
Notes	National guidelines (ADA‐guidelines), adapted through a consensus building process ‐directed at monitoring and treatment ‐targets: compliance with guidelines
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear