Table 4.
Absolute and Relative Risk of Infections in CAH Patients and Matched Control Cohort
| CAH Cohort (n = 602) | Matched Unexposed Cohort (n = 1204) | CAH cohort on Glucocorticoids (n = 254) | Matched Unexposed Cohort (n = 508) | CAH Cohort Not on Glucocorticoids (n = 348) | Matched Unexposed Cohort (n = 696) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower respiratory tract infections | ||||||
| Outcome events, n (%) | 22 (3.7) | 19 (1.6) | 12 (4.7) | 7 (1.4) | 10 (2.9) | 12 (1.7) |
| Person-years, n | 3843 | 7842 | 1924 | 3567 | 1919 | 4275 |
| Crude incidence rate/1000-person years | 5.72 | 2.42 | 6.24 | 1.96 | 5.21 | 2.81 |
| Follow-up years, median (interquartile range) | 4.83 (1.92–9.54) | 5.10 (2.04–9.80) | 6.00 (2.60–12.06) | 5.17 (2.45–10.77) | 4.07 (1.54–8.00) | 4.93 (1.86–9.37) |
| Unadjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | 2.36 (1.28–4.36) | 3.18 (1.25–8.07) | 1.86 (0.80–4.30) | |||
| P-value | P = 0.01 | P = 0.02 | P = 0.15 | |||
| Adjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI)a | 2.36 (1.25–4.43) | 3.23 (1.21–8.61) | 1.82 (0.77–4.30) | |||
| P-value | P = 0.01 | P = 0.02 | P = 0.17 | |||
| Urinary tract infections | ||||||
| Outcome events, n (%) | 83 (13.8) | 130 (10.8) | 45 (17.7) | 43 (8.5) | 38 (10.9) | 87 (12.5) |
| Person-years, n | 3478 | 7217 | 1709 | 3374 | 1769 | 3843 |
| Crude incidence rate/1000-person years | 23.87 | 18.01 | 26.33 | 12.75 | 21.48 | 22.64 |
| Follow-up years, median (interquartile range) | 4.15 (1.59–8.80) | 4.64 (1.83–8.80) | 4.97 (2.09–9.77) | 4.84 (2.22–9.77) | 3.42 (1.24–7.53) | 4.18 (1.69–7.90) |
| Unadjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | 1.32 (1.01–1.74) | 2.07 (1.36–3.14) | 0.95 (0.65–1.39) | |||
| P-value | P = 0.05 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.79 | |||
| Adjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI)a | 1.40 (1.06–1.85) | 2.20 (1.43–3.34) | 1.00 (0.68–1.48) | |||
| P-value | P = 0.02 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.99 | |||
| Gastro-intestinal infections | ||||||
| Outcome events, n (%) | 29 (4.8) | 52 (4.3) | 23 (9.1) | 23 (4.5) | 6 (1.7) | 29 (4.2) |
| Person-years. | 3773 | 7678 | 1825 | 3486 | 1948 | 4192 |
| Crude incidence rate/1000-person years | 7.69 | 6.77 | 12.60 | 6.60 | 3.08 | 6.92 |
| Follow-up years, median (interquartile range) | 4.70 (1.83–9.63) | 4.94 (2.04–9.69) | 5.82 (2.12–11.38) | 5.14 (2.47–10.38) | 4.09 (1.50–8.11) | 4.79 (1.86–9.13) |
| Unadjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI) | 1.13 (0.72–1.79) | 1.91 (1.07–3.40) | 0.45 (0.18–1.07) | |||
| P-value | P = 0.59 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.07 | |||
| Adjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI)a | 1.10 (0.69–1.75) | 1.93 (1.06–3.52) | 0.45 (0.18–1.08) | |||
| P-value | P = 0.70 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.07 |
aAdjusted for age, gender, smoking status, BMI, Townsend Deprivation Index and Charlson Comorbidity Index.