Table 3.

Independent and interactive effects of household chaos (IV) and maternal emotional responsiveness or sensitivity (moderator) on child emotional overeating. ^ǂ

ER Moderator (Self report)→	Model 7: Expressive encouragement response			Model 8: Emotion-focused responses			Model 9: Problem- focused responses
	B	SE	95%CI	B	SE	95%CI	B	SE	95%CI
Maternal age	−.03*	.01	−.05, −.01	−.04*	.01	−.06, −.01	−.04*	.01	−.06, −.01
Household income	−.04	.09	−.22, .15	.02	.02	−.02, .05	.01	.02	−.02, .05
Mealtime length (minutes)	−.02	.01	−.05, .00	−.02	.01	−.04, .00	−.02	.01	−.04, .00
Marital status	.13	.16	−.18, .44	.08	.16	−.23, .39	.11	.50	−.22, .44
Maternal educational attainment	.13	.07	−.01, .27	.14*	.07	.01, .27	.13	.07	−.01, .27
Chaos (IV)	.38*	.10	.17, .58	.40*	.10	.20, .60	.38*	.11	.17, .59
ER Moderator	−.02	.04	−.10, .05	.10	.05	−.01, .21	.03	.07	−.10, .17
Chaos × ERS interaction term	−.04	.09	−.22, .15	−.03	.14	−.30, .24	−.09	.15	−.38, .21
R2, p-value	R2 = .28*, p = .002			R2 = .31*, p < .001			R2 = .28*, p = .002
ΔR2 with interaction term, p-value	ΔR2 = .002, p = .70			ΔR2 = .001, p = .81			ΔR2 = .003, p = .56
ER Moderator (Observed) →	Model 10: Sensitive Responses			Model 11: Attending Responses			Model 12: Structuring/ Limiting Responses
	B	SE	95%CI	B	SE	95%CI	B	SE	95%CI
Maternal age	−.04*	.01	−.06, −.02	−.03*	.01	−.05, −.01	−.04*	.01	−.06, −.02
Household income	.01	.02	−.03, .04	.01	.02	−.02, .04	.01	.02	−.02, .04
Mealtime length (minutes)	−.02	.01	−.05, .00	−.02	.01	−.04, .00	−.02	.01	−.05, .00
Marital status (married, unmarried)	.19	.15	−.12, .49	.11	.15	−.20, .42	.17	.16	−.14, .47
Maternal educational attainment	.13	.06	.00, .26	.13	.07	.00, .26	.14*	.07	.01, .27
Chaos (IV)	.33*	.10	.13, .53	.37*	.10	.16, .57	.36*	.10	.16, .56
ER Moderator	.16	.15	−.13, .46	−.04	.24	−.52, .44	.09	.16	−.24, .41
Chaos × ERS interaction term	.33*	.10	.13, .53	−.22	.62	−1.46, 1.02	−.46	.35	−1.16, .24
R2, p-value	R2 = .32*, p < .001			R2 = .28*, p = .002			R2 = .30*, p < .001
ΔR2 with interaction term, p-value	ΔR2 = .04*, p = .05			ΔR2 = .001, p = .72			ΔR2 = .02, p = .19

Note. Separate moderation analyses were run using the same IV (chaos) and outcome variable (child food responsiveness), but varying the variable used to describe maternal emotional responsiveness. Moderators in the top row (Models 7 – 9) are all derived from a self-report measure, and moderators in the bottom row (Models 10 – 12) are derived from observations of family mealtimes.

IV = independent variable; SR = self-reported; ER = Emotional Responsiveness or Sensitivity; Obs = Observed.

^*p < .05

^ǂHigher scores for overeating indicates higher levels of approach-related eating behavior dysfunction.