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. 2020 Feb 27;192(3):200. doi: 10.1007/s10661-020-8163-z

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Box plots of selected metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb) by smoking status during pregnancy among 125 pregnant women. X-axis shows four metals with smoking status (No: no smoking (n = 104) vs. Yes: active or passive smoking (n = 21)). Y-axis represents metal concentrations adjusted for creatinine in urine. Whiskers represent outliers, and open squares represent mean values. Horizontal lines in the boxes show median values. Bottoms and tops of the boxes represent 25th and 75th percentiles for each metal