Figure 3.
Pesticide pollution increases the incidence (probability of occurrence) of snails that act as hosts of schistosomiasis. Binomial GLM with complementary log-log link function; χ² = 7.60, res. df = 46, p = 0.006, McFadden’s pseudo-R² = 0.16. Means ± 95% confidence intervals are shown. Pesticide pollution was quantified as log10 of the maximum ratio of a pesticide concentration measured in a grab sample of water vs. the acute LC50of that pesticide for a standard reference organism (TUmax). TUmax of marginally polluted sites (n = 4) was set to a minimum of TU −5.