Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Feb 27;11:1089. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14852-6

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 1 — Ecosystem greenhouse gases measured at the young (1-year-old; a) and mature (12-year-old; b) oil palm plantations on mineral soils (-b, left) and peat soils (-b, right). Greenhouse gas fluxes (blue boxes) of carbon dioxide, i.e., net ecosystem exchange (NEE) measured at the ecosystem level using the eddy covariance technique, and of soil methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes measured using vented static chambers. Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) is estimated as the sum of yield (which is zero in case of the young plantation) and NEE. Further presented are soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in the top 30 cm of the soil (red boxes) and the ecosystem net global warming potential (GWP, black boxes). Negative and positive fluxes indicate uptake and emission, respectively. See Supplementary Tables 1 and 2 for additional details on all presented fluxes. * indicates that fluxes were not directly measured in our study sites, but estimated from other measurements.